Effects of nitrogen application on nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium absorption and alkaloid accumulation in Fritillaria hupehensis
[Objective]This study aims to analyze the annual variation of the concentration and accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in Fritillaria hupehensis bulbs,and explore the impacts of different nitrogen dosages on the accumulation of dry matter and alkaloids of F.hupehensis,so as to provide scientific basis for rational fertilization of F.hupehensis.[Method]F.hupehensis obtained from Xintang township,Enshi City,Hubei Province was used as the material.Under the conditions of 102.4 kg·hm-2 phosphorus pentoxide and 86.4 kg·hm-2 potassium oxide for both phosphorus and potassium fertilizers,4 nitrogen fertilizer treatments were set up:no nitrogen fertilizer(N0),58.0 kg·hm-2 nitrogen fertilizer(N1),116.0 kg·hm-2 nitrogen fertilizer(N2),and 174.0 kg·hm-2 nitrogen fertilizer(N3).Samples were collected at seedling,flowering and harvest stages to determine the concentration of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and various alkaloids in the bulbs of F.hupehensis at different growth stages.[Result]The accumulation of dry matter,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,total alkaloid,verticine,verticinone,peimissine and hupehenine in F.hupehensis bulbs significantly increased with increasing nitrogen application(P＜0.05),and all reached their peak at a nitrogen fertilizer application of 116.0 kg·hm-2.With the increase of nitrogen application,potassium to phosphorus ratio in F.hupehensis bulbs was less than 3.4 at seedling stage,while that during the flowering and harvesting periods was more than 3.4.Throughout the entire growth period,nitrogen to phosphorus ratio in F.hupehensis bulbs was less than 14.0,and nitrogen to potassium ratio was less than 2.1.During the seedling and harvest stages,the concentration of total alkaloid,verticine,verticinone,and hupehenine in F.hupehensis bulbs all decreased with increasing nitrogen application.During the flowering period,the concentration of verticine,verticinone and peimissine in F.hupehensis bulbs showed an increasing trend with the increase in nitrogen application.When the nitrogen fertilizer application amount was 116.0 kg·hm-2,the peak accumulation of total alkaloid,verticine,verticinone,hupehenine and peimissine in F.hupehensis bulbs were 56.50,4.20,12.73,1.66,and 3.68 mg·plant-1,respectively.When the same amount of nitrogen fertilizer was applied,with the extension of growth period,except for peimissine,the concentration of all other alkaloids was the highest during the harvest period and the lowest during the flowering period.When the nitrogen fertilizer application amount was 116.0 kg·hm-2,the accumulation rate of verticine,verticinone and peimissine in bulbs decreased from flowering to harvest stage.The dry matter accumulation rate was relatively fast from seedling to flowering stage,and the accumulation ability of total alkaloids in the bulb during the flowering to harvest period was strong.[Conclusion]The amount of nitrogen fertilizer significantly affects the yield and quality of F.hupehensis.Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer is not conducive to the accumulation of dry matter and alkaloids in bulbs.The accumulation of dry matter and alkaloids in bulbs of F.hupehensis at different growth stages is a dynamic process.Yield increase is predominant at vegetative growth stage,while alkaloids accumulation is dominant at productive growth stage.[Ch,4 fig.2 tab.28 ref.]
Fritillaria hupehensisnitrogen fertilizergrowth stagesnitrogen,phosphorus and potassiumalkaloid
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