Research progress on plant physiological morphology and light response mechanism in shaded environments
Light is a crucial environmental factor affecting plant growth and development.It is of great scientific significance and application value to enhance plant yield and quality in agricultural production by improving its photosynthetic efficiency.In dense plant communities,lower plants receive less light energy due to the coverage of upper vegetation,so lower plants need to compete for more light energy to maintain growth.Plants have two strategies to obtain more light energy:shade avoidance syndrome(SAS)and shade tolerance response(STR).Research on SAS is relatively thorough,but there is a lack of in-depth research on STR.This paper provides an overview of how sunny plants adapt to lower light level by extending hypocotyl,petioles,stems and other physiological morphological changes in shaded environments.At the same time,shade tolerant plants respond to limited light conditions by exhibiting shade resistance characteristics such as promoting carbon acquisition,low phenotypic plasticity ability and improving stress resistance.Combined with the mechanism of shade avoidance response of sunny plants in response to low light environment through the interaction between hormones and light signaling pathways,the shade tolerance response mechanism of shade tolerant plants in shaded environments is studied,which involves both activating antagonistic factors to inhibit shade avoidance syndrome and improving the transcription activity of shade tolerance response genes to enhance low light adaptability.This review provides reference for research on the mechanism of different plants responding to low light environments,and proposes effective ways to improve the efficiency of plant light energy utilization,cultivate crop varieties with high light efficiency,and construct efficient forest ecosystems.[Ch,3 fig.61 ref.]
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