设施栽培对'早鲜'杨梅物候期及果实品质的影响
Effect of Protection Cultivation of Myrica Rubra'Zaoxian'on Phenological Phase and Fruit Quality
裘忠灿 1裘栋梁 1蓝海燕 2丁飞 3梁森苗4
作者信息
- 1. 杭州鼎金果品专业合作社,浙江 杭州 311253
- 2. 杭州市萧山区农(林)业技术推广中心,浙江 杭州 311203
- 3. 杭州市萧山区进化镇,浙江 杭州 311253
- 4. 浙江省农业科学院,浙江 杭州 310021
- 折叠
摘要
以 10年生'早鲜'杨梅为试材,比较 2022年和 2023年设施栽培与露地栽培对其物候期、叶片形态和果实品质的影响.结果表明:在设施栽培下,'早鲜'杨梅开花期、幼果期、硬核期、转白期、转红期、始采期、成熟期和终采期均早于露地栽培,其中成熟期比露地栽培提早 20 d;采摘期长达 19 d,比露地栽培延长 8 d;设施栽培有助于提升叶片叶绿素相对含量,促进叶片生长,设施栽培条件下叶长、叶面积均显著高于露地栽培;设施栽培下,'早鲜'杨梅单果质量、果实可溶性固形物和总糖含量,分别达到 17.8 g、14.2%和 53.1 mg·g-1,显著高于露地栽培,而总酸含量显著下降.此外,在设施栽培条件下,杨梅采前落果率相比露地栽培下降 26.8%以上,商品果率比露地栽培提高 28.9%以上.本研究结果表明,设施栽培能显著促进'早鲜'杨梅提早成熟,同时具有促进叶片发育和提升果实品质的作用.
Abstract
From 2022 to 2023,experiments were conducted on 10-year Myrica Rubra'Zaoxian'in Xiaoshan,Zhejiang province to evaluate difference of phenological phase,leaf morphology and fruit quality under protected and open air cultivation.The results showed that growth stages under protec-tion cultivation were earlier than that in open air(stages included flowering,young fruit,hard-core,white-turning,red-turning,initial harvest,maturity,and final harvest).Under protected cultivation,the maturity stage was 20 days earlier than that in open air,and the harvesting stage was as long as 19 days,8 days longer than that in open air.Protected cultivation could increase relative content of chlorophyll in leaves,as well as leaf length and leaf area.Single fruit weight,soluble solids,and total sugar content reached 17.8 g,14.2%and 53.1 mg/g,significantly higher than those in open air,while the total acid content decreased significantly.Under protected cultivation,the pre-harvest fruit dropping rate decreased by about 26.8%and the com-mercial fruit rate increased by 28.9%.
关键词
设施大棚/'早鲜'杨梅/物候期/果实品质Key words
protected cultivation/Myrica Rubra'Zaoxian'/phenological phase/fruit quality引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据