Effect of Biochar Application on Soil Nutrient Content,Heavy Metals,and Microbial Biomass at Different Depths in Phyllostachys edulis(Moso bamboo)Plantation
Biochar,as a soil amendment,plays a significant role not only in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and addressing climate change but al-so in improving the quality of agricultural ecosystems.This study focuses on Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)forests to explore the effects of dif-ferent biochar additions(0,5,and 10 t·hm-2)on the properties,heavy metal content,and microbial biomass of surface(0～20 cm)and deep(20～40 cm)soil layers.The study found that compared with the control(0 t·hm-2),biochar addition significantly increased the pH value of both surface and deep soil layers by 1.3%～12.2%,soil organic carbon by 8.8%～51.5%,total phosphorus by 14.2%～31.5%,and the water content of the deep soil layer by 4.2%～13.3%.These positive effects increased with the level of biochar addition(P＜0.05).High biochar addition significantly reduced the content of available lead(28.6%,51.1%),chromium(11.1%,7.2%),and copper(10.9%,12.2%)in both surface and deep soil layers but significantly increased microbial biomass carbon(MBC)and nitrogen(MBN)content and cellulase activity(P＜0.05).Under the biochar addition treatment,the pH value,lead content,MBC,and MBN in the surface soil were significantly higher than those in the deep soil,while soil total nitrogen,available nitro-gen,water content,and available chromium content showed the opposite trend(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation be-tween soil microbial biomass and soil pH,total phosphorus,and available chromium content(P＜0.05).The results of the study indicated that biochar amendment could not only alleviate soil acidification but also mitigate chromium pollution,increase microbial biomass,and thereby improve soil qual-ity.Therefore,from the perspective of soil quality,the application of biochar can be regarded as an effective management measure and has important practical value for promoting the sustainable development of Moso bamboo plantations.
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