Application of the Embryo Culture in Vitro in Cross Breeding of llex × meserveae 'Blue Angel'
Ilex has rich plant germplasm resources and has been widely planted in landscaping. However,it takes 2～3 years for the seeds to germinate,which is not conducive to breeding. In order to shorten the hybrid breeding cycle of Ilex and improve the seed germination rate,Ⅰ. × meserveae 'Blue Angel' was chosen as the female parent and 6 Ilex species (varieties) were chosen as the male parent for artificial hybridization. The embryos of differ-ent hybrid seeds were cultured in vitro. The results showed that:(1) MS medium was the most suitable starting medium for embryo cultures in vitro of Ⅰ. × meserveae 'Blue Angel'. (2) The fruit setting rates of Ⅰ. × meserveae 'Blue Angel' crossed with 3 Chinese wild Ilex species were lower (9.75％～17.16％) than those with 3 European Ilex species (varieties) (20.27％～53.30％). (3) The embryo culture in vitro was an effective method to short-en the germination time of Ilex seeds by 1～2 years. (4) The traits of the hybrid offspring are similar to those of the mother Ⅰ. × meserveae 'Blue An-gel'. This study not only provided technical guidance for the creation of Ⅰ. × meserveae 'Blue Angel' germplasm,but also provided reference for the re-search of embryo culture technology in the cross breeding of Ilex.
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