英国《遗传技术(精准育种)法》评析及其对我国的启示
Analysis of Genetic Technology(Precision Breeding)Act in UK and its implications for China
周贤桀 1程宝库 1张文斐2
作者信息
- 1. 南开大学法学院,天津 300350
- 2. 华中农业大学文法学院,农业农村法治创新研究中心,湖北武汉 430070
- 折叠
摘要
精准育种技术通过创制高产、高附加值农产品,对提升育种效率和农业环境效益具有重要意义.基于"脱欧"后农业供应链承压和新育种技术发展的客观需求,2023年3月23日,英国发布《遗传技术(精准育种)法》.秉持有限制的开放政策和可持续的原则理念,该法针对精准育种生物体的释放和销售、由精准育种生物体生产的食品或饲料,规定了差异化的通知程序和多元化的监督执行机制.在新育种技术快速发展的背景下,我国应建立基于产品特性的监管方案、规定基因编辑标识和追溯机制、完善生物技术立法与执法机制,以兼顾农业可持续发展与生物安全的需求.
Abstract
Precision breeding technology is important for improving breeding efficiency and agro-environmental bene-fits by creating high-yielding and high-value-added agricultural products.Based on the pressure on agricultural sup-ply chain and the objective need for new breeding technologies post-Brexit,the Genetic Technology(Precision Breed-ing)Act in UK was published on March 23,2023.Stands for a restrictive open policy and sustainable development principle,the act provides differentiated notification procedures and diversified supervision and enforcement mecha-nisms for the release and sale of precision breeding organisms,and food or feed produced from precision breeding or-ganisms.In the context of rapid development of new breeding technologies,China should establish a supervision pro-gram based on product characteristics,provide gene editing labeling and traceability mechanism,and improve bio-technology legislation and law enforcement mechanism to balance the needs of sustainable agricultural development and biosafety.
关键词
遗传技术/精准育种/基因编辑/通知程序/追溯机制Key words
genetic technology/precision breeding/gene editing/notification procedure/traceability mechanism引用本文复制引用
基金项目
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662022WFYJ003)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据