蜂糖李开花授粉生物学特性
Biological characterization of flowering and pollination of Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.'Fengtangli'
邓利君 1王铁 1胡娟 2姚远 1孙国超 1熊博 1廖玲 1汪志辉1
作者信息
- 1. 四川农业大学园艺学院,四川成都 611130
- 2. 蒲江县农业农村局生产管理科,四川蒲江 611630
- 折叠
摘要
为研究蜂糖李的开花授粉生物学特性,为田间蜂糖李花期管理和授粉树配置提供理论依据,以蜂糖李及其授粉品种四月李、凤凰李、茵红李为试材,调查研究蜂糖李及其授粉品种的开花物候期、花粉量、花粉活力、蜂糖李的柱头可授性,以及不同授粉组合和不同外源处理的蜂糖李坐果率.结果表明,4个供试品种花期基本一致,相互重叠;各品种的花粉量在504.76～1 622.64粒;花粉萌发率在34.47％～51.22％,花粉活力高低为凤凰李＞四月李＞茵红李＞蜂糖李;蜂糖李的柱头可授性在开花当天表现最强;以凤凰李授粉的蜂糖李坐果率最高,为49.56％,自花授粉坐果率最低,为12.20％,表明蜂糖李与凤凰李授粉亲和性最高且蜂糖李自交亲和.综合而言,蜂糖李授粉品种的适宜性为凤凰李＞四月李＞茵红李＞蜂糖李.此外,花期喷硼可以有效提高蜂糖李的坐果率.
Abstract
To investigate the biological characteristics of flowering and pollination of Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.'Fengtangli'and provide a theoretical foundation for floral management and pollinizers allocation in the field,'Fengtangli'and its pollinating cultivars'Siyueli','Fenghuangli',and'Yinhongli'were utilized as the materi-als.The flowering phenology,pollen quantity,pollen viability of'Fengtangli'and its pollinating cultivars,and stig-ma receptivity of'Fengtangli',as well as the fruit set rate of'Fengtangli'with different pollination combinations and different exogenous treatments were investigated.The results showed that the flowering period of the four test cul-tivars were consistent and overlapped with each other.The pollen quantity ranged from 504.76 to 1 622.64 grains.The pollen germination rate ranged from 34.47％to 51.22％,and the pollen viability was ranked as'Fenghuangli'＞'Siyueli'＞'Yinhongli'＞'Fengtangli'.The stigma receptivity of'Fengtangli'was the strongest on the day of flowering.The highest fruit set rate was recorded in'Fenghuangli'pollinated flowers(49.56％),while the lowest fruit set rate was observed in self-pollination(12.20％),indicating that'Fengtangli'and'Fenghuangli'had the highest pollination compatibility and'Fengtangli'was self-compatible.In conclusion,the suitable pollinizers for'Fenghuangli'in this experiment were:'Fenghuangli'＞'Siyueli'＞'Yinhongli'＞'Fengtangli'.In addition,spraying boron during flowering could effectively improve the fruit set rate of'Fengtangli'.
关键词
蜂糖李/开花/授粉/坐果率/硼Key words
Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.'Fengtangli'/flowering/pollination/fruit set rate/boron引用本文复制引用
基金项目
四川省科技成果转移转化示范项目(2021ZHCG0084)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据