Investigation on virus disease in'Niuwei'yam and removal of virus with stem culture
To investigate the virus carried by Yunnan's special variety of'Niuwei'yam and its harmful effects,clar-ify the effectiveness of viral inhibitors,heat treatment,and low temperature treatment on removing virus from yam,with a view to obtaining better methods for devirusing.The study investigated the incidence of yam virus disease and plant symptoms in'Niuwei'yam,and detected the type of virus using molecular biological detection method,and examined the detoxification effect of different treatments on yam mosaic virus.The results showed that'Niuwei'yam carried yam mosaic virus,and obvious yellowing spots could be seen on its leaves.The incidence rate was 41.67％-43.33％.RT-PCR results showed that treatments with 60 mol·L-1 moroxydine hydrochloride or 60 mol·L-1 ribavirin could reduce the survival rate and growth of the yam but effectively remove the yam mosaic virus.High-temperature treatments(12 h at 45 ℃,24 h at 40 ℃,24 h at 45 ℃)combined with apical bud culture effectively removed yam mosaic virus.The treatment for 24 h at 40 ℃ significantly reduced the growth of yam,while treatments for 12 h at 45 ℃ and 24 h at 45 ℃ significantly reduced both the growth and survival rate of yam.Low-temperature treatment(24 h at 0 ℃ and 24 h at 5 ℃)combined with apical bud culture significantly reduced the survival rate and growth of yam but were effective in removing the yam mosaic virus.Considering the survival rate,growth,and detoxification effect,60 mol·L-1 moroxydine hydrochloride treatment or 40 ℃ high-temperature treatment for 24 h was recommended.
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