Ultrasound-assisted enzymolytic extraction of chlorohemin from yak blood powder:response surface optimization and quality characterization
The objective of this work was to extract,optimize,and evaluate the chlorohemin from yak blood powder using ultrasonic-assisted enzymolytic technology.The ultrasound-assisted enzymolytic time,enzyme/substrate con-centration,and ultrasound specific power were the independent variables,and the purity was the response variable.The Box-Behnken response surface design was also used to optimize the extraction process.Furthermore,the purity,yield,color,and chemical structure of the extracted chlorohemin with response surface optimization were character-ized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer,colorimeter,and Fourier transform-infrared spectrometer,respectively.The results showed that ultrasound-assisted enzymolytic time,enzyme/substrate concentration,and ultrasound specif-ic power had significant effects on the purity of chlorohemin extract(P＜0.05).The optimal extraction conditions were determined as ultrasound-assisted enzymatic time 4 h,enzyme/substrate concentration 17 U·mg-1,and ultra-sound specific power 800 W·L-1 after response surface optimization.The purity of extracted chlorohemin under these conditions was 14.89％,the extraction yield was 63.30％.Compared with the chlorohemin extracted through normal enzymolysis(without ultrasound-assisted treatment)under the same conditions,the yield and purity were increased by 1.29 and 1.07 times(P＜0.05),respectively.Moreover,there was not significant difference in chemical struc-ture between these two samples.However,the color of extracted chlorohemin with ultrasound-assisted enzymolysis and response surface optimization was closer to the standard substance of chlorohemin.The ultrasound-assisted treat-ment(4 h at 800 W·L-1 ultrasound specific power)could significantly improve the purity and yield of chlorohemin extraction from yak blood powder without changing its physicochemical properties.
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