Study of polymorphism in the VRTN gene and its association with production traits in(Du-roc×Saba)♂×[Yorkshire×(Landrace×Saba)]♀
To investigate the polymorphism of the vertnin(VRTN)gene in(Duroc×Saba,DS)♂×[Yorkshire×(Landrace×Saba),YLS]♀(hereafter DS×YLS)and its effects on fattening,carcass and meat quality,the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in promoter region and its 4 exons regions of VRTN gene were detected by PCR product directed sequencing in populations of DS×YLS,Duro,Landrace,Yorkshire,and the genotype frequency and gene frequency were calculated.Fattening,carcass and muscle quality were determined in 321 DS×YLS pigs.The association between different genotypes at each SNPs locus and fattening,carcass and meat quality were analyzed by least squares model.A total of two mutation loci,VRTN g.97615896 97615897ins291 and VRTN g.97622607G>A were detected to be polymorphic in four pig populations.g.97615896 97615897ins291 showed Q/Q,Q/Wt,and Wt/Wt genotypes in all four pig populations.All four populations were moderately polymorphic and in Hardy-Wein-berg equilibrium state.In the VRTN g.97615896 97615897ins291 locus of DS×YLS pigs,the backfat thickness of Q/Q genotype was 0.36 mm less than that of Wt/Wt(P<0.05),the rib number of Q/Q genotype was0.63 pairs more than that of Wt/Wt genotype(P<0.01),the carcass oblique length of Q/Wt genotype was 1.56 cm longer than Wt/Wt(P<0.05),the area of longissimus dorsi of Q/Q genotype and Q/Wt genotype were4.38 cm2,4.34 cm2 bigger than that of Wt/Wt genotype(P<0.05)respectively,the lean meat percentage of Q/Q genotype was 3.23 percentage points higher than that of Wt/Wt genotype(P<0.05),the fat percentage of Q/Q genotype was4.1 percentage points lower than that of Wt/Wt genotype(P<0.05)at VRTN g.97615896 97615897ins291 loci in the population of DS×YLS.VRTN g.97622607G>A belonged to the low polymorphism site(PIC=0.079 9)in DS×YLS,and was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state.In the VRTN g.97622607G>A locus of DS×YLS pigs,the av-erage daily gain(ADG)between 30 kg and 100 kg of GG genotype was 61.43 g·d-1 higher than that of GA genotype(P<0.01),the lean meat percentage of GG genotype was 2.53 percentage points higher than that of GA genotype(P<0.05)at VRTN g.97622607G>A locus in the population of DS×YLS.The results showed that the insertion of the Q allele at VRTN g.97615896 97615897ins291 could increase the number of ribs,carcass oblique length,ar-ea of longissimus dorsi and lean meat percentage,and decrease the backfat and fat percentage.VRTN g.97622607G>A locus GG genotype could increase the ADG and lean meat rate of DS×YLS.This study provided a basis for molec-ular marker-assisted selection with the VRTN gene to improve the performance of Saba pigs.
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