Research progress of cis-regulatory elements in plants
Cis-regulatory elements are non-coding DNA sequences serving the key regulatory function,which ensure the proper spatiotemporal patterns of gene expression necessary for responses to development and environmental cues.Currently,the functional study of cis-regulatory elements in plants lags behind that of animals.However,relying on the improvement of genome annotation and open chromatin profiling methods in plants,great progress has been made in the research of plant cis-regulatory elements.This paper summarizes the latest research findings of plant cis-regula-tory elements:active cis-regulatory elements correlate with chromatin activity,the interactions between transcription factors and cis-regulatory elements determine the level of gene transcription,the high-throughput sequencing technol-ogy provides omics data at different molecular levels to efficiently identify cis-regulatory elements,cis-regulatory ele-ments derived from transposons regulate the transcription of agronomic trait genes.Accurate identification and in-depth functional analysis of cis-regulatory elements are important research directions in the future.The exploration and functional analysis of plant cis-regulatory elements are helpful to systematically elucidate the regulatory mecha-nism of important agronomic traits genes in crops,thereby better facilitating the cultivation of new varieties that are high-yield,high-quality,highly-resistance and high efficiency.
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