Antiviral effects of gypenoside against bovine viral diarrhea virus in vitro
To investigate the effect of gypenoside on bovine viral diarrhea virus(BVDV),the in vitro cell culture technique combined with cytopathic effect(CPE)observation and CCK-8 assay was employed.The safe concentra-tions of gypenoside and α-glycerol monolaurate were determined.Three different treatment protocols were used:pre-treatment with compound followed by viral infection,post-treatment with compound after viral infection,and pre-in-cubation of compound and virus prior to infection.Western blot and quantitative PCR were conducted to evaluate the changes of expression levels of BVDV E2 protein gene and 5'-UTR,to explore the inhibitory effect in vitro.The re-sults showed that the cell viability at the concentration of 16 μmol·L-1 for gypenoside and 25 μg·mL-1 for α-glycerol monolaurate was not significantly different from the control group(P＞0.05),indicating that these concentrations were the maximum safe concentrations of the two compounds.Compared to the control group,gypenoside exhibited significant(P＜0.01)inhibition on the expression levels of BVDV E2 protein gene and 5'-UTR,and its direct viru-cidal effect was superior to the α-glycerol monolaurate.Gypenoside also showed significant(P＜0.05)adsorption inhibition against BVDV,while no significant difference was found in replication inhibition when compared to the vi-rus control group.
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