Relationship between chemical composition,microstructure and texture of different varieties of peach fruits
To investigate the relationship between the chemical components,microstructure and texture of four differ-ent peach fruits(honey peach,flat peach,nectarine,yellow peach),the chemical composition,cell wall compo-nents,cell microstructure,porosity,mechanical properties and texture were analyzed and their relationship were in-vestigated by correlation analysis and principal component analysis.The results showed that honey peaches had high-er hemicellulose(HC)and cellulose(CEL)contents,larger cell cross-sectional areas,and irregular morphological structures;flat peaches had the highest moisture content,low soluble sugar content,the highest water-soluble pectin(WSP)content,thinner cell walls,and lower elastic modulus and hardness;nectarines had higher soluble sugar and Na2CO3-soluble pectin(NSP)contents,larger cells,more complete morphology,regular arrangement,higher poros-ity and hardness;yellow peaches had high CDTA-soluble pectin(CSP)content,smaller and closely arranged cells,thicker cell walls,lower porosity,and higher elastic modulus.Statistical analysis revealed that cell wall thickness,cell wall material(CWM)content,CSP content,fat content,protein content were significantly(P＜0.01)positive-ly correlated with mechanical properties(yield force,yield energy,maximum stress);hardness was significantly(P＜0.01)positively correlated with solid content,protein content,soluble sugar content,CSP content,NSP content,cell wall thickness,and some mechanical properties,while it was significantly(P＜0.05)negatively correlated with bulk density and water content;soluble sugar content was significantly(P＜0.05)negatively correlated with bulk den-sity,and significantly(P＜0.01)positively correlated with NSP content,cell roundness and hardness;porosity was significantly(P＜0.01)positively correlated with microstructure(cell cross-sectional area,cell perimeter,equivalent diameter).In summary,the cellular microstructure affects the porosity and particle density of peach fruits,and chemi-cal components such as soluble sugar content and pectin content have an impact on the mechanical properties.
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