Mechanism of peroxisome proliferation in different organisms
Peroxisomes are organelles that are commonly found in eukaryotic cells and are involved in a variety of metabolic processes,especially lipid metabolism.The number and volume of peroxisomes will change in response to changes in the external environment,and their proliferation process is realized mainly through de novo synthesis and proliferation(division)processes.The de novo synthesis process involves the formation of peroxisome precursors(a vesicle-like structure)by the endoplasmic reticulum through budding reproduction,and the recruitment of membrane proteins as well as matrix proteins in the cytoplasm by the precursor vesicles,which eventually become mature perox-isomes.PEX3,PEX16 and PEX19 gene are mainly involved in the de novo production of peroxisomes and play an important role in the biosynthesis of peroxisomal membrane proteins(PMPs).Peroxisome proliferation(division)in-eludes several processes such as peroxisome polarization,membrane protrusion and elongation,matrix protein trans-port,membrane contraction and division.PEX11 gene encodes a peroxisomal membrane elongation factor that is in-volved in membrane polarization,protrusion and elongation during peroxisome proliferation.In addition,Vps1 and Dnm1 regulate the morphology,replication and abundance of peroxisomes,and Inpl and Inp2 are involved in the in-heritance of peroxisomes.In this review,we summarize the peroxisome proliferation processes and related gene func-tions in different organisms to provide ideas for the expectation of peroxisome utilization.
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