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多基因聚合抗病虫水稻恢复系的创制及鉴定

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螟虫、稻瘟病及白叶枯病是水稻主要病虫害,单纯依靠化学防治、单个抗性位点改良效果不佳.生产实践表明,借助分子标记辅助选择技术,创制具有复合抗性的多基因聚合水稻新材料是抵御多种病虫害、保障水稻安全生产的有效途径.以水稻强优恢复系R900为受体,转CrylAb基因材料mfb-MH86为抗虫供体、携带Pi9和Xa23基因的R9001为抗病供体,借助高效KASP标记等分子检测技术开展回交转育,成功将CrylAb、Pi9和Xa23等3个基因聚合到R900中,筛选获得YA19-1、YA48-1、YA50-1、YA103-3、YA108-8和YA109-8等6个综合性状稳定的改良恢复系新材料.农艺性状调查结果显示,与R900相比,改良新材料的株高均显著或极显著降低,除YA103-3外,其他材料的有效穗和单株产量等性状有所改善.病虫抗性结果显示,所有改良株系的螟虫、白叶枯病和稻瘟病抗性均明显优于亲本R900.螟虫主要取食部位茎秆和叶鞘中的抗虫蛋白占总蛋白比例明显高于叶片,能够有效地降低螟虫所造成的危害.改良恢复系杂交组合丰产性评价试验显示,组合晶 4155S/YA19-1、广湘 24S/YA48-1、广湘 24S/YA103-3、Y58S/YA19-1 表现为增产,其中 Y58S/YA19-1 增产幅度最大.对Y58S所配组合进行螟虫抗性鉴定,与Y58S/R900相比,其抗性明显提高.研究结果为选育适宜长江中下游稻区的抗病虫高产新组合提供了科学依据和材料储备.
Creation and Identification of Multi-gene Pyramiding Rice Restorer Lines with Insect and Disease Resistance
Stem borer,rice blast and bacterial blight are major pests and diseases of rice.Relying solely on chemical control and single resistance locus improvement has proven to be less effective.Production practices have shown that using molecular marker-assisted selection to create new rice materials with multiple genes for complex resistance is an effective way to resist multiple pests and diseases and ensure the safe production of rice.The strong and excellent rice restorer line R900 was used as the receptor,the mfb-MH86 carrying CrylAb gene was used as the insect-resistant donor,and the R9001 carrying Pi9 and Xa23 genes was used as the disease-resistant donor.With the help of molecular detection techniques such as high-efficiency KASP markers,the three genes of CrylAb,Pi9 andXa23 were successfully polymerized into R900 through backcross breeding,and six improved restorer lines with stable comprehensive traits such as YA19-1,YA48-1,YA50-1,YA103-3,YA108-8 and YA109-8 were screened.The investigation results of agronomic traits showed that the plant height of the new improved materials was significantly or extremely significantly lower than that of R900,and there was an improvement in effective panicles and yield per plant of them,except for YA 103-3.The results of pest and disease resistance identification showed that all improved lines had significantly better resistance to stem borer,bacterial blight and rice blast than the parent R900.The proportion of insecticidal proteins in stems and leaf sheaths of the main feeding parts of stem borers was significantly higher than that in leaves,which could effectively reduce the damage caused by stem borers.The yield evaluation test of the hybrid combinations derived from the improved restorer lines showed that the hybrid combinations of Jing 4155S/YA19-1,Guangxiang 24S/YA48-1,Guangxiang 24S/YA103-3,Y58S/YA19-1 had an increase in yield,and Y58S/YA19-1 had the largest increase in yield.Compared with Y58S/R900,the resistance to stem borers of the hybrid combinations derived from the improved restorer lines and Y58S was significantly improved.The results provide a scientific basis and material reserve for developing new high-yielding hybrid rice combinations resistant to insect pests and diseases suitable for the rice growing areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

rice restorer linedisease and insect resistance geneCrylAbPi9Xa23molecular marker-assisted selectionKASPpolymerization breeding

丁佳、陈思扬、孙志忠、彭克帆、刘玲、袁定阳、段美娟

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水稻逆境生物学湖南省重点实验室/作物生理与分子生物学教育部重点实验室/湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙 410128

湖南杂交水稻研究中心杂交水稻全国重点实验室,湖南长沙 410125

湖南大学研究生院隆平分院,湖南长沙 410125

湖南女子学院,湖南长沙 410004

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水稻恢复系 抗病虫基因 CrylAb Pi9 Xa23 分子标记辅助选择 KASP 聚合育种

湖南省种业创新项目湖南省重大科技攻关"揭榜挂帅"制项目湖南省重点领域研发计划长沙市"揭榜挂帅"重大科技项目

2021NK10122023ZJ10802023NK2002kq2301001

2024

10.16267/j.cnki.1005-3956.20240109.013

杂交水稻
国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心 湖南杂交水稻研究中心

杂交水稻

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.432
ISSN：1005-3956
年,卷(期)：2024.39(5)