Heterosis and Correlation Analysis of Main Economic Traits in High-altitude Two-line Japonica Hybrid Rice
In this study,three two-line japonica sterile lines,five restorer lines and their 15 hybrid combinations were used as the research materials,and Dianheyou 203,a new three-line japonica hybrid rice combination with Dian Ⅰ type cytoplasm,was used as the control.The heterosis performance of the main economic traits of the two-line japonica hybrid rice combinations in the plateau,the correlation between main economic traits of hybrid combinations and the correlation of main economic traits between hybrid combinations and parents were analyzed.The results showed that the yield and economic traits of the high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice combinations were quite different.Compared with the control Dianheyou 203,the yield heterosis of the high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice combinations was positive or negative,the heterosis in sink capacity was all negative,the heterosis in the number of effective panicles and seed setting rate was positive,and the heterosis in the number of total spikelets per panicle,the number of filled grains per panicle and the 1 000-grain weight was negative.The yield of the high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice combinations was significantly positively correlated with the number of effective panicles and sink capacity.The number of effective panicles was very significantly negatively correlated with the number of total spikelets per panicle and the number of filled grains per panicle,and significantly negatively correlated with 1 000-grain weight.The plant height and panicle length of hybrid combinations were very significantly positively correlated with those of the male parent and the parental interaction effect,and there was no heterobeltiosis in plant height.The number of effective panicles was very significantly positively correlated with that of the female parent and the parental interaction effect.The number of total spikelets per panicle was very significantly positively correlated with that of the male parent and the parental interaction effect.It was preliminarily established that the best way for developing high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice was to make hybrid combinations with dwarf and panicle-rich sterile lines and tall-plant and large-panicle restorer lines.At the same time,the ideal plant type model for high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice was considered to be of the characteristics of abundant panicles,medium plant height,high seed setting rate and coordinated panicle-spikelet structure.
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