高原两系杂交粳稻主要经济性状杂种优势和相关性分析
Heterosis and Correlation Analysis of Main Economic Traits in High-altitude Two-line Japonica Hybrid Rice
钏兴宽 1杨钏杰 2李国生 1尹鹏熙 3王锦艳 1康洪灿 1张义 1段浩平1
作者信息
- 1. 保山市农业科学研究所,云南保山 678000
- 2. 保山市农业农村投资项目管理中心,云南保山 678000
- 3. 保山市农业环境保护监测站,云南保山 678000
- 折叠
摘要
以3个两系粳稻不育系、5个恢复系及其配组的15个组合为研究材料,以滇Ⅰ型三系杂交粳稻新组合滇禾优203为对照,分析高原两系杂交粳稻组合主要经济性状的杂种优势表现、杂交组合主要经济性状间相关性以及杂交组合主要经济性状与亲本的相关性.结果表明,高原两系杂交粳稻组合的产量和经济性状差异较大,与对照滇禾优203相比,高原两系杂交粳稻组合产量杂种优势有正有负,库容量全部表现为负值,有效穗数、结实率表现正向优势,每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数和千粒重表现为负向优势.高原两系杂交粳稻组合产量与有效穗数、库容量呈显著正相关;有效穗数与每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数呈极显著负相关,与千粒重呈显著负相关;组合的株高、穗长与父本及父母本的交互效应呈极显著正相关,在株高上无超亲现象;有效穗数与母本和父母本的交互效应呈极显著正相关;每穗总粒数与父本和父母本交互效应呈极显著正相关.初步确立了高原两系杂交粳稻以矮秆多穗不育系与高秆大穗恢复系配组为最佳方式,同时确立了多穗、中高秆、高结实、穗粒协调的高原两系杂交粳稻理想株型模式.
Abstract
In this study,three two-line japonica sterile lines,five restorer lines and their 15 hybrid combinations were used as the research materials,and Dianheyou 203,a new three-line japonica hybrid rice combination with Dian Ⅰ type cytoplasm,was used as the control.The heterosis performance of the main economic traits of the two-line japonica hybrid rice combinations in the plateau,the correlation between main economic traits of hybrid combinations and the correlation of main economic traits between hybrid combinations and parents were analyzed.The results showed that the yield and economic traits of the high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice combinations were quite different.Compared with the control Dianheyou 203,the yield heterosis of the high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice combinations was positive or negative,the heterosis in sink capacity was all negative,the heterosis in the number of effective panicles and seed setting rate was positive,and the heterosis in the number of total spikelets per panicle,the number of filled grains per panicle and the 1 000-grain weight was negative.The yield of the high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice combinations was significantly positively correlated with the number of effective panicles and sink capacity.The number of effective panicles was very significantly negatively correlated with the number of total spikelets per panicle and the number of filled grains per panicle,and significantly negatively correlated with 1 000-grain weight.The plant height and panicle length of hybrid combinations were very significantly positively correlated with those of the male parent and the parental interaction effect,and there was no heterobeltiosis in plant height.The number of effective panicles was very significantly positively correlated with that of the female parent and the parental interaction effect.The number of total spikelets per panicle was very significantly positively correlated with that of the male parent and the parental interaction effect.It was preliminarily established that the best way for developing high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice was to make hybrid combinations with dwarf and panicle-rich sterile lines and tall-plant and large-panicle restorer lines.At the same time,the ideal plant type model for high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice was considered to be of the characteristics of abundant panicles,medium plant height,high seed setting rate and coordinated panicle-spikelet structure.
关键词
高原两系杂交粳稻/经济性状/杂种优势/相关分析Key words
high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice/economic trait/heterosis/correlation analysis引用本文复制引用
基金项目
云南省重大科技专项计划(202302AE090001)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据