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节水抗旱稻的推广实践与发展刍议

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农业绿色低碳是我国农业发展的重大战略需求.节水抗旱稻的研发和推广为突破中国农业发展资源约束瓶颈和缓解生态环境压力、促进粮食安全和农民增收提供了新的解决方案.采用旱直播旱管方式种植节水抗旱稻可比传统水稻种植模式节约淡水资源50%以上,化肥施用量少30%左右,稻田甲烷减排90%以上,极大拓展水稻种植空间,实现节本增效和农民增收,具有显著的生态效益、经济效益和社会效益.从加强以农业绿色发展为导向的品种技术研发、建立健全农业绿色发展的技术推广体系、构建和完善与农业绿色发展相适应的政策与制度体系等方面提出了对策建议.
Discussion on the Promotion Practice and Development of Water-saving and Drought-resistant Rice
Realizing agricultural green and low-carbon development is a major strategic requirement for China's agricultural development.The innovation and promotion of water-saving and drought-resistant rice provides a new solution for breaking through the bottleneck of resource constraints in China's agricultural development,alleviating the pressure of ecological environment,promoting food security and increasing farmers'income.Compared with the traditional rice planting mode,the planting method of water-saving and drought-resistant rice with direct dry seeding and drought management can save more than 50%of freshwater resources,reduce about 30%of chemical fertilizer application,and reduce more than 90%of methane emissions,which greatly expands the space of rice planting,realizes cost saving and efficiency increasing,and increases farmers'income.It has significant ecological,economic and social benefits.The countermeasures and recommendations were put forward from the aspects of strengthening the innovation and development of varieties and technologies guided by agricultural green development,establishing and improving the technology promotion system for agricultural green development,and constructing and improving policy and institutional systems suitable for agricultural green development.

riceagricultural green developmentwater-saving and drought-resistant ricedrought planting and drought managementwater savingfertilizer savingemission reduction

周洲

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上海市农业科学院农业科技信息研究所,上海 201403

水稻 农业绿色发展 节水抗旱稻 旱种旱管 节水 省肥 减排

2024

杂交水稻
国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心 湖南杂交水稻研究中心

杂交水稻

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.432
ISSN:1005-3956
年,卷(期):2024.39(6)