The Collaborative Governance Model of Vocational Education and Higher Education in German-Speaking Countries and Its Inspiration
Vocational education in Germany,Austria,and Switzerland,among the German-Speaking countries,has long been renowned.The collaborative development of higher education and vocational education is an innovative change made by these three countries in response to internal optimization and external challenges after entering the 20th century.On the basis of analyzing the historical background,participating entities,and collaborative paths of the establishment and development of dual higher education in Germany,Austrian vocational colleges,and Swiss University of Applied Sciences,this paper clarifies the collaborative forms of"mixing","connection",and"upgrading"represented by the three,and summarizes three modes of collaborative development between vocational education and higher education,namely regional spontaneous cooperation mode,historical evolution mode,and top-level design mode.Drawing inspiration from the different collaborative models of higher education and vocational education in the three countries of Germany,Austria,and Switzerland,it is suggested that China's development of higher vocational education should focus on achieving an organic unity of"higher education"and"vocational education"in talent cultivation goals;balancing market development and individual development needs of workers in talent cultivation models;and constructing a multi-party cooperation and negotiation mechanism in talent cultivation collaborative governance.
vocational educationhigher educationcollaborative governanceGerman-Speaking countries
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