摘要
目的 了解我国老年人牙齿缺失情况及其影响因素,为老年人早期预防牙齿缺失提供依据.方法 基于中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS)项目,收集2018年接受调查的≥65岁老年人资料,主要包括人口学信息、生活方式、饮食习惯、疾病史、牙齿存留数目和自我评估指标等.以28颗牙为标准分析老年人牙齿缺失情况,采用多因素有序logistic回归模型分析老年人牙齿缺失的影响因素.结果 纳入5 260人,其中男性3 346人,占63.61%;女性1 914人,占36.39%.年龄M(QR)为78.00(18.00)岁.老年人牙齿存留数目M(QR)为12.00(23.00)颗,牙齿缺失数目M(QR)为16.00(23.00)颗.多因素有序logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(OR=1.270,95%CI:1.098～1.470)、年龄大(OR=1.090,95%CI:1.083～1.098)、居住在农村(OR=1.369,95%CI:1.165～1.610)和城镇(OR=1.208,95%CI:1.027～1.422)、吸烟(曾经,OR=1.471,95%CI:1.240～1.746;一直,OR=1.545,95%CI:1.300～1.838)和刷牙频率<1次/d(OR=1.791,95%CI:1.488～2.160)的老年人牙齿缺失数目较多;文化程度高(初中,OR=0.819,95%CI:0.681～0.972;高中,OR=0.626,95%CI:0.507～0.771;大专及以上,OR=0.468,95%CI:0.334～0.657)、一直体育锻炼(OR=0.840,95%CI:0.736～0.958)和超重肥胖(OR=0.868,95%CI:0.769～0.980)的老年人牙齿缺失数目较少.结论 我国老年人牙齿缺失的影响因素有年龄、性别、居住地、文化程度、吸烟、体育锻炼、刷牙频率和超重肥胖.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of tooth loss among the elderly population in Chi-na,so as to provide insights into early prevention of tooth loss.Methods Based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS),data of the elderly people aged 65 years and older who participated in the survey in 2018 were collected,including demographic information,lifestyle,dietary habits,medical history,number of teeth remaining and self-assessment indicators.The status of tooth loss among the elderly were described based on the standard of 28 teeth,and factors affecting tooth loss were analyzed using a multivariable ordinal logistic regression model.Results A total of 5 260 people was recruited,including 3 346 males(63.61%)and 1 914 females(36.39%).The median age was 78.00(interquartile range,18.00)years.The median number of teeth remaining was 12.00(interquartile range,23.00),and the median number of missing teeth was 16.00(interquartile range,23.00).Multivariable ordinal logistic re-gression analysis showed that the elderly who were female(OR=1.270,95%CI:1.098-1.470),had advanced age(OR= 1.090,95%CI:1.083-1.098),lived in rural areas(OR=1.369,95%CI:1.165-1.610)and urban areas(OR=1.208,95%CI:1.027-1.422),smoked(past,OR=1.471,95%CI:1.240-1.746;always,OR=1.545,95%CI:1.300-1.838)and brushed teeth less than once a day(OR=1.791,95%CI:1.488-2.160)had more missing teeth;while the elderly who had high levels of education(junior high school,OR=0.819,95%CI:0.681-0.972;high school,OR=0.626,95%CI:0.507-0.771;college and above,OR=0.468,95%CI:0.334-0.657),kept physical exercise(OR=0.840,95%CI:0.736-0.958)and were overweight/obese(OR=0.868,95%CI:0.769-0.980)had less missing teeth.Conclusion Gender,age,residence,educa-tional level,smoking,physical exercise,teeth brushing frequency and overweight/obese are the influencing factors for tooth loss among the elderly in China.
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万方数据