Vanadium is widely used in the steel manufacturing,aerospace and medical industries because of its good plasticity and malleability,and is released into the environment in large quantities.Human were exposed mainly through environmental and occupational exposure.Vanadium and its compounds can cause multi-system damage to the reproduc-tive,respiratory,neurological,and immune systems,and the toxic mechanisms may be related to oxidative stress,epigen-etic damage,DNA damage and repair,apoptosis,and dysregulation of cell proliferation.This article summarizes the health hazards caused by vanadium exposure and its mechanism,providing the reference for the studies into the toxic effects of vanadium and its compounds.
万方数据
维普
