摘要
目的 了解浙江省湖州市老年人跌倒预防知识、态度和行为情况,并分析影响因素,为制定老年人跌倒干预措施提供依据.方法 于2023年3-4月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取湖州市≥60岁常住居民为调查对象,通过问卷调查收集基本信息、日常生活活动能力(ADL)、跌倒风险、跌倒预防知识、态度和行为等资料;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析跌倒预防知识、态度和行为的影响因素.结果 发放问卷2 160份,回收有效问卷2 104份,问卷有效率为97.41%.调查男性1 063人,占50.52%;女性1 041人,占49.48%.60～<70岁861人,占40.92%.跌倒预防知识知晓率为84.13%,态度持有率为85.88%,预防行为形成率为14.59%.多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、文化程度、活动时长和跌倒风险是跌倒预防知识知晓的影响因素;年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、活动时长、ADL和跌倒风险是跌倒预防态度持有的影响因素;性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、活动时长、慢性病、ADL和跌倒风险是跌倒预防行为形成的影响因素(均P<0.05).75.51%(589/780)的老年人希望通过医务人员获得跌倒预防健康教育.结论 湖州市老年人跌倒预防行为形成率相对较低.老年人跌倒预防知识、态度和行为与年龄、文化程度、活动时长及跌倒风险有关.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)of fall prevention among the elderly in Huzhou City,Zhejiang Province,so as to provide the evidence for the de-velopment of fall intervention for the elderly.Methods The permanent residents aged 60 years and over in Huzhou City were selected using multi-stratified cluster sampling method from March to April 2023.Demographic information,activity of daily living(ADL),fall risk,and KAP of fall prevention was collected using questionnaire surveys.Factors af-fecting KAP of fall prevention were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results Totally 2 160 questionnaires were allocated,and 2 104 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 97.41%.There were 1 063 males(50.52%)and 1 041 females(49.48%),and 861 residents aged 60 to<70 years(40.92%).The awareness of fall prevention knowledge was 84.13%,the percentage of attitude towards fall prevention was 85.88%,and the percentage of practice of fall prevention was 14.59%.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age,educational level,exercise duration and fall risk were associated with the awareness of fall prevention knowledge;age,educational level,marital status,exercise duration,ADL and fall risk were associated with the attitude towards fall pre-vention;gender,age,educational level,marital status,exercise duration,chronic diseases,ADL and fall risk were associ-ated with the practice of fall prevention(all P<0.05).The desired access to fall prevention knowledge was mainly domi-nated by medical personnel,accounting for 75.51%(589/780).Conclusions The practice towards fall prevention among the elderly is relatively low in Huzhou City.The KAP of fall prevention is related to age,educational level,exercise du-ration and fall risk.
基金项目
浙江省基层卫生科技创新计划项目(2022ZJWX-B013)
湖州市疾病预防控制中心科技计划项目(KJJH202201)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据