Comparative Study on Hydraulic Characteristics and Structural Mechanical Performance of Centrifugal Pumps with Different Blade Numbers Based on Fluid Structure Coupling
As a universal machinery that converts mechanical energy into fluid kinetic energy,centrifugal pumps are widely used in daily production and life. The influence of blade number on the internal flow field and characteristics of centrifugal pumps is particularly important to ensure stable,efficient,and safe operation of centrifugal pumps. The use of numerical simulation methods can obtain performance predictions of centrifugal pumps under conditions where experiments are difficult to complete. A three-dimensional steady-state numerical simulation study was conducted on centrifugal pumps with 5 and 6 blade numbers,and the external characteristics and static pressure distribution of the centrifugal pump were obtained. The results indicate that the trend of the external characteristic curve of centrifugal pumps with different blade numbers is roughly the same. At the design flow point,when the number of blades is 6,the pump head increases by 8.6％,shaft power increases by 7.5％,and efficiency decreases by 2.5％. The increase in the number of blades makes the flow field inside the centrifugal pump more uniform,and the optimal number of blades obtained in this study is 6. When comparing the numerical simulation results of fluid structure coupling between two centrifugal pump schemes,it was found that the maximum displacement occurred at the impeller and bearing. The influence of different blade numbers on the stress and deformation of the overall structure of the pump is minimal,and it still meets the strength requirements.
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