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数字时代医疗人工智能的算法逻辑、风险及其应对

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数字赋能医疗人工智能及其运行的算法逻辑对传统医疗结构产生重大影响:嵌入逻辑推动科技与医疗的双向共融,概率逻辑造就人工诊疗向智能诊疗的机制转换,效率逻辑亦协调功利主义与自然正义的价值博弈.然而,在"物理-数字"虚实交互的二元格局中,技术内生性风险与外在性风险交织叠加,导致算法权力异化后权力与权利架构失衡,威胁患者基本权利的同时,引发医生自主地位丧失的风险,而数字要素内嵌其中的交互式人机共决机制,更是致使医疗责任认定陷入困境.为此,应摒弃传统治理思维,并基于数字法治视角,寻求以数字人权为本源维护医疗主体基本权利,以数字正义为基础引导智能医疗向善,并以数字安全为保障完善医疗算法运行机制,持续为医疗人工智能算法风险的防治增添法治力量.
Algorithmic Logic,Risks,and Countermeasures to Medical Artificial Intelligence in the Digital Era
Digital empowerment of medical artificial intelligence and its algorithmic logic have a significant im-pact on traditional medical structures.The embedded logic promotes the two-way integration of technology and med-icine,the probability logic transforms artificial diagnosis into intelligent diagnosis,and the efficiency logic coordi-nates the value game between utilitarianism and natural justice.However,in the binary pattern of"physical-digit-al"virtual interaction,the endogenous risks and exogenous risks of technology are interwoven,leading to the im-balance of power and rights structure after the alienation of algorithmic power.This threatens patients'fundamental rights and risks the loss of doctors'autonomous status.The interactive human-machine decision-making mechanism embedded in digital elements further leads to difficulties in determining medical responsibility.Therefore,it is nec-essary to abandon traditional governance thinking and seek solutions from the perspective of digital rule of law.It is necessary to protect the fundamental rights of medical subjects based on digital human rights,guide the develop-ment of intelligent medicine towards good deeds based on digital justice,and improve the operation mechanism of medical algorithm with digital security as the guarantee.This will continuously add legal force to the prevention and control of risks associated with medical artificial intelligence algorithms.

medical artificial intelligencealgorithmic logiclegal riskdigital rule of law

徐明、韦俨芸

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华中科技大学法学院,湖北武汉 430074

中国地质大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉 430074

医疗人工智能 算法逻辑 法治风险 数字法治

国家社会科学基金重点项目华中科技大学人权法律研究院专项项目

19AFX0212023WKRQXJ

2024

中南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版)
中南民族大学

中南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版)

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.696
ISSN:1672-433X
年,卷(期):2024.44(1)
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