首页|南非人类学两种范式的冲突与融合

南非人类学两种范式的冲突与融合

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南非人类学研究受到了来自英国和德国的两种不同学术传统的影响,围绕这两种传统形成了两种不同的分支:以英语为主要媒介的社会人类学(social anthropology)和使用阿非利卡语的阿非利卡民族学(volkekunde).这两种学术传统不仅表现出了研究关注点以及研究方法、理论上的差异,学科的价值取向也渐行渐远.社会人类学强调普遍性,倾向于自由主义,反对殖民与种族隔离;阿非利卡民族学强调文化特殊性,并受到阿非利卡民族主义的裹挟,成为种族隔离制度的思想与理论来源.这些差异最终导致两个学科分支经历了不同的发展轨迹,走向了不同命运.
Conflict and Integration of Two Paradigms in South African Anthropology
Anthropological research in South Africa has been influenced by two distinct academic traditions from Britain and Germany,leading to the formation of two different branches:social anthropology,primarily using English as the medium,and volkekunde,which uses Afrikaans.These academic traditions not only exhibit differences in re-search focus,methods,and theories but also diverge increasingly in their disciplinary value orientations.Social an-thropology emphasizes universality,leans towards liberalism,and opposes colonialism and racial segregation;volkekunde emphasizes cultural specificity and is influenced by Afrikaner nationalism,becoming a source of ideology and theory for the apartheid system.These differences ultimately led the two disciplinary branches on different devel-opmental trajectories,resulting in divergent destinies.

anthropologySouth Africahistory of the disciplineapartheid

王昊午

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中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所,北京 100081

人类学 南非 学科史 种族隔离

国家社会科学基金

21BMZ017

2024

中南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版)
中南民族大学

中南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版)

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.696
ISSN:1672-433X
年,卷(期):2024.44(4)
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