TREM2 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma and its correlation with prognosis,immune infiltration,and drug sensitivity
Objective To analyze the association between TREM2 gene expression level and prognosis,immune microenvironment,and drug sensitivity in chemotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO),and the International Cancer Genome Consortium(ICGC)databases were collected and TREM2 expression differences in the hepatocellular carcinoma tissues were also conducted.We analyzed the correlation between TREM2 high and low expression groups with regards to hepatocellular carcinoma survival prognosis and immune infiltration.We analyzed GO and KEGG enrichment,mutation,and drug sensitivity for TREM2.Results The expression level of TREM2 in the tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in the normal tissues(P＜0.001).The overall survival rate(OS)of patients in the high TREM2 expression group was significantly lower than that in the low expression group(P＜0.05).Mutation analysis revealed a higher mutation frequency of the TP53 gene in the high TREM2 expression group.Immune analysis results indicated a positive correlation between TREM2 expression and the hepatocellular carcinoma stroma score(r=0.36,P＜0.001),the immune score(r=0.55,P＜0.001),and the ESTIMATE score(r=0.50,P＜0.001).TREM2 expression was also positively correlated with immune infiltration levels of regulatory T cells(Tregs)and M2 macrophages(P＜0.001).KEGG and GO enrichment analysis showed that the TREM2 gene was highly enriched in biological pathways related to cell phagocytosis,hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration,immune evasion,and inflammatory response.Drug sensitivity analysis identified increased sensitivity to drugs such as sorafenib,pembrolizumab,regorafenib,bortezomib,and apatinib in the high TREM2 expression group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with high TREM2 expression have poor prognosis,which is associated with immune cell infiltration and tumor microenvironment,and expected to be a new target for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.
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