Tracing the Origins of Liang Sicheng's Philosophies of Integrated Urban Conservation
Following Liang Sicheng's academic career,this study aimed to understand his philosophies of integrated urban conservation in the international context of modern architecture and urban planning,tracing the ideological origins.Liang's philosophies of integrated urban conservation were formed based on his research of Chinese ancient architecture and urban planning,with the integrated values of historic cities at the core,and urban decentralization as the basic stance.Under the influence of the Beaux-Arts education,Liang understood the values of ancient architecture from the perspective of plastic art.With the development of his architectural history research and inspirations from modern urban planning theories,Liang's research horizon extended from buildings to cities.After visiting the United States,Liang proposed the historic artistic values and planning values that formed the historic city's physical order,through integrating previous research and modern urban planning theories.Based on these,Liang adopted planning philosophies of garden cities,neighborhood units and zoning,and proposed a decentralized planning approach to integrated urban conservation.