Venice in Peril:Navigating Sustainable Development for Endangered World Heritage Cities
At the 45th World Heritage Committee session in 2023,the agenda extended to the"Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage"(the World Heritage Convention)and topics on sustainable development was deliberated.The 2015"Policy Document for the Integration of a Sustainable Development Perspective into the Processes of the World Heritage Convention"was reviewed,encompassing strengthening environmental resilience,mitigating disaster risk,advancing climate action at World Heritage sites,achieving sustainable livelihoods for local communities,and sustainable cities and settlements.Venice,as a representative World Heritage city,repeatedly faced a critical"red card"warning after being proposed for inscription on the List of World Heritage in Danger multiple times.In response to threats from mass tourism,infrastructure,and construction projects,Venice implemented measures including the MoSE flood barrier project,the development of a smart city management system,and the strengthening of tourist management,ultimately avoiding inclusion on the List of World Heritage in Danger.This paper explores the challenges and strategies for sustainable development in World Heritage Cities,with Venice as a case study.
world heritagesustainable developmentclimate changetourism managementVenice
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