With the rapid development of advanced materials,manufacturing processes and other technologies,intelligent morphing aircrafts which can adapt to different flight environment and missions become a research hotspot in order to better balance performance of wide-range flight.For aircraft in different speed ranges such as low-speed,transonic speed and supersonic speed,the application of variant technologies in aircraft is summarized.Various kinds of bionic variant technologies such as bird imitation and insect imitation are introduced,and the configurations and advantages of several common wing/rudder variants such as folding wing,telescopic wing and variable swept back wing are sorted out and summarized.The research progress of the low-speed,high-speed and ultra-high-speed aircraft with morphing function and key technologies of wide-range adaptation are emphasized.In the future,morphing aircraft will be developed around full-speed flight,lightweight design,intelligent variant and other aspects.
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