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儿童过敏性疾病与注意缺陷多动障碍相关研究进展

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注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是儿童期常见的神经发育障碍.近年来有研究显示,ADHD与支气管哮喘、特应性皮炎、变应性鼻炎以及食物过敏等儿童过敏性疾病之间存在高度的共病特征.过敏性疾病导致的炎症反应可能会影响中枢神经系统功能,从而进一步影响ADHD的发生发展,提示了两类疾病在神经-免疫层面可能存在紧密联系.尽管两者之间的共同发病机制及因果关系尚未完全明确,但已有多项研究揭示了两者间的流行病学关联.本文对儿童过敏性疾病与ADHD之间的关联研究做一综述,并探讨二者可能的共病机制,并对过敏性疾病与ADHD共病治疗进行探讨,以期为进一步的临床诊疗和研究提供新的思路.除此之外,还需要更多地关注预防的重要性,通过加强儿童健康教育,提高家长和教师的健康意识,有助于降低儿童的患病风险,为儿童健康构筑起更加全面和坚实的保护屏障.
Research Progress on Allergic Diseases and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is a common childhood neurodevelopmental disorders.In recent years,some studies have shown that there is a high comorbidity between ADHD and childhood allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma,atopic dermatitis,allergic rhinitis,and food allergies.Inflammatory reactions caused by allergic diseases may affect central nervous system function,Thereby further affecting the occurrence and development of ADHD,suggesting that there may be a close connection between the two diseases at the neuro-immune level.Although the common pathogenesis and causal relationship between the two have not been fully elucidated,multiple studies have revealed the epidemiological association between them.This article provides a review of the research on the association between children's allergic diseases and ADHD,and explores the possible comorbid mechanisms between them,and explore the treatment of comorbidities of allergic diseases and ADHD,aiming to provide new ideas for further clinical diagnosis,treatment,and research.In addition,more attention needs to be paid to the importance of prevention.By strengthening children's health education and raising the health awareness of parents and teachers,it can help reduce the risk of illness in children and build a more comprehensive and solid protective barrier for their health.

allergic diseaseattention deficit hyperactivity disorderchildrenassociatedmechanism

周熙瑞、刘爱平

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深圳市宝安区公共卫生服务中心,广东 深圳 518101

中山大学公共卫生学院,广东 广州 510080

过敏性疾病 注意缺陷多动障碍 儿童 关联 机制

生态环保部华南环境科学研究所环境保护项目

21111011101-EHSM2020-01

2024

中山大学学报(医学科学版)
中山大学

中山大学学报(医学科学版)

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.608
ISSN:1672-3554
年,卷(期):2024.45(5)