复方中药在水产养殖中的应用

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中文摘要：在集约化养殖模式下,病害是影响水产养殖业健康发展的主要原因之一.目前,使用抗菌药物是防治水产动物病害的主要方式,但会造成水产品药物残留及细菌耐药等问题.复方中药在水产养殖中的应用越来越受到关注.复方中药可促进水产动物机体新陈代谢与蛋白质合成,提高饲料利用能力,显著改善生长性能;在体外可抑制嗜水气单胞菌、溶藻弧菌等病原菌,饲喂添加中药的饵料可提高患病水产动物的存活率;可提高免疫器官指数和非特异性免疫能力,并能调节免疫相关酶活性,从而增强水产动物的机体免疫力;可调节谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)等酶活性,提升机体抗氧化应激能力.虽然复方中药在水产养殖中有广阔的应用前景,但水环境复杂多变及水产动物生物学特性差异可影响中药制剂的使用效果,应用于水产动物的中兽药复方参考资料较少.探索适应水产动物使用的中兽药剂型,加大方剂筛选力度和作用机制研究,是需要进一步关注的关键技术,这些技术难点的突破将为中药在水产养殖中的应用奠定基础.

外文标题：Application of compound Chinese medicine in aquaculture

外文摘要：Disease is one of the main factors affecting the development of aquaculture industry.At present,the use of antibiotics is the main way to prevent and treat aquatic animal diseases,but it will cause problems such as drug residues in aquatic products and environmental drug resistance.More and more attention has been attracted to the application of compound Chinese medicine in aquaculture.Compound Chinese medicine can promote the metabolism and protein synthesis of aquatic animals,improve the feed utilization capacity,and significantly improve the growth performance.In vitro,the pathogens such as Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio alginolyticus could be inhibited,and the survival rate of infected aquatic animals could be improved by feeding the food supplemented with Chinese medicine.Improve the immune organ index and non-specific immune ability,and regulate the activity of immune-related enzymes,so as to enhance the body immunity of aquatic animals.It can regulate the activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT),and improve the body's ability to resist oxidative stress.Although compound Chinese medicine has a broad application prospect in aquaculture,the complex and changeable water environment and the differences in biological characteristics of aquatic animals will affect the use of traditional Chinese medicine preparations,and there are few reference materials of compound Chinese veterinary medicine applied to aquatic animals.The key technologies that need further attention are to explore the dosage forms of Chinese veterinary medicine adapted to the use of aquatic animals,and to increase the intensity of prescription screening and the mechanism research.The breakthrough of these technical difficulties will lay a foundation for the application of Chinese medicine in aquaculture.

外文关键词：

Chinese medicinecompoundaquaculturegrowth promotionbacteriostasisimmunityantioxidant

作者：

涂传灯、林米妮、黄雅瑜、蔡树芸、张怡评

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作者单位：

厦门海洋职业技术学院海洋生物学院,福建厦门 361100

福建中医药大学药学院,福建福州 350108

自然资源部第三海洋研究所海洋生物资源开发利用工程技术创新中心,福建厦门 361005

关键词：

复方中药水产养殖促生长抑菌免疫抗氧化

基金：

福建省科技计划项目自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目福建省海洋经济发展资金项目厦门海洋研究开发院共建项目福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目厦门海洋职业技术学院高层次人才项目

项目编号：

2021N00292022006FJHJF-L-2021-4K210103JAT220622KYG202211

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.13823/j.cnki.jtcvm.2023.131

中兽医医药杂志

中国农业科学院中兽医研究所

中兽医医药杂志

影响因子：0.203

ISSN：1000-6354

年,卷(期)：2024.43(1)

参考文献量26