Identification for resistance of 117 maize varieties against root rot caused by phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum and the effects of root rot on seedling vigor and yield
In order to evaluate the resistance against root rot caused by phytopathogenic fungus Fusari-um graminearum of main maize cultivars in northeastern China,and explore the relationship between the incidence of root rot and seedling vigor and yield loss,the resistance of 117 maize cultivars in north-eastern China against root rot caused by F.graminearum was identified using artificial inoculation meth-od.The effects of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and composite fertilizers on the incidence of root rot and seedling vigor of inbred line LN810 were analyzed with indoor pot experiments,and maize variety Xianyu 335 was used to analyze the effects of root rot on seedling vigor and yield of maize in fields.The results showed that the resistance levels of 117 maize cultivars against root rot caused by F.gra-minearum were significantly different.There were 14 highly resistant varieties,44 resistant varieties,47 medium-resistant varieties and 12 susceptible varieties,of which 89.74％were resistant or highly resis-tant,and all of the medium-early maturity materials showed resistance.Compared with no fertilizer con-trols,the lowest incidence of root rot caused by F graminearum was 22.03％when applying phospho-rus and potassium fertilizers.According to the degree of root rot caused by F graminearum,the popula-tion of Xianyu 335 seedlings was divided into three types:types 1,2,and 3.The higher the level,the weaker the seedlings.The average yields of the types 2 and 3 of seedlings were decreased by 39.97％and 76.39％,respectively,compared with that of the type 1 seedlings.The results indicated that most of maize varieties cultivated in northeastern China were resistant to root rot,but there were still some vari-eties with high risk.The incidence of root rot was negatively correlated with seedling vigor and yield,and it could be reduced by applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
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