Progress in researches on the influence of microplastics and mixed pollutants on earthworms
Microplastics(MPs),as an emerging pollutant,is one of hot environmental issues and re-ceives global concerns.The pollution of MPs in farmland soil poses potential threats to the food chain and terrestrial ecosystems.MPs and mixed pollutant with other pollutants have caused a range of nega-tive impacts on earthworms,such as weight loss,reduced mobility,lower survival rates,and weakened immunity.Moreover,the mixed exposure to MPs and other pollutants disrupt the balance of intestinal microorganisms in earthworms,leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage at the cellular level.This study summarizes the effects of single pollutant MPs and mixed pollution with heavy metals and organ-ic pollutants on the growth and physiology of earthworms,in terms of the study subjects,experimental design,and the types and concentrations of pollutants.This review highlights the need in standardizing research methods to enhance the comparability of results from different studies,strengthening systemat-ic assessment under field conditions,and paying attention to the long-term effects of MPs on earth-worms,so as to provide a scientific basis for environmental protection and soil pollution management.
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