摘要
目的 探讨中老年高血压患者对并发症体验式健康教育的体验与感受,为高血压患者的健康教育模式提供依据.方法 采取目的抽样法,选取2023年8月至9月于广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院接受高血压并发症体验式健康教育的10例中老年高血压患者进行半结构化访谈,运用Colaizzi七步分析法对访谈资料进行整理.结果 中老年高血压患者对并发症体验式健康教育的参与体验可归纳为2个主题,7个亚主题,即感知益处(提高对高血压的认知、并发症的亲身体验、行为转变与认知清晰度的提升、促进人际交流)和面临挑战(早期认知的缺乏、传统健康教育的局限性、身体负担的顾虑).结论 中老年高血压患者在接受并发症体验式健康教育后普遍存在对长期并发症的担忧及对疾病管理知识的缺乏等问题,因此临床医护人员在设计体验式健康教育方案时,应充分考虑患者的生理与心理特点,提供个性化的支持,逐步引导患者适应教育过程.
Abstract
Objective To explore the experience and feeling of experiential health education for complications in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients,and to provide basis for health education model for hypertensive patients. Methods By objective sampling method,10 middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients who received experiential health education for hypertension complications in Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine from August to September 2023 were selected for semi-structured interviews,and the interview data were sorted out by Colaizzi seven-step analysis method. Results Middle-aged and elderly hypertension patients with complications of experiential health education experience can be summarized as two themes,seven subthemes,namely:the perceived benefits (improve the cognition of hypertension,complications of experience,behavior change and cognitive clarity,promote interpersonal communication),challenges (the lack of early cognitive,the limitations of traditional health education,body burden concerns). Conclusion Worry about long-term complications and lack of knowledge of disease management are common after receiving experiential health education on complications. Therefore,when designing the experiential health education program,clinical medical staff should fully consider the physiological and psychological characteristics of patients,provide personalized support,and gradually guide patients to adapt to the education process.
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