Therapeutic effect and mechanism of Pulsatilla saponin B4 on atherosclerosis of ApoE-/-mice induced by high fat diet
Objective To study the anti atherosclerosis effect of Pulsatilla saponin B4 and its mechanism.Methods Male C57 mice were set as the control group,with a total of six mice,and were given a normal diet.After nine weeks of high-fat diet feeding,ApoE-mice were randomly divided into four groups:the model group,the simvastatin(positive control,5 mg·kg-1)group,and the Pulsatilla saponin B4 low-and high-dose(5 and 20 mg kg-1)groups,with seven mice in each group.The mice were ig administered with the drugs for nine weeks,and the C57 control group and the ApoE/-model group were given an equal amount of 0.9％sodium chloride solution.While the treated mice were still given a high-fat diet,their body weights were measured once a week,and tissue samples were collected after nine weeks of treatment.The levels of platelets(PLT),white blood cells(WBC),neutrophils(Neu),lymphocytes(Lym),and interleukin-6(IL-6)in the whole blood were detected by veterinary hematology analyzer;the level of IL-6 in the serum was detected by ELISA,the levels of total cholesterol(TC),free cholesterol(FC),triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)in the serum were detected by kit method,the accumulation of lipid in the aorta was detected by whole aorta oil red staining,the histopathological changes of the aortic sinus were detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining,Masson staining,and oil red O staining.Results Compared with the model group,there was a trend of body weight reduction in the Pulsatilla saponin B4 and simvastatin treatment groups,the levels of PLT,WBC,Neu,Lym,and IL-6 were significantly lower(P＜0.05,0.01,0.001).The levels of TC,FC,TG,and LDL-C in serum were significantly lower(P＜0.001),while the level of HDL-C was significantly higher(P＜0.001).The area of the red-stained entire aorta was significantly reduced(P＜0.001),the area of the oil-red-stained aortic sinus was significantly reduced,the aortic plaque in mice was reduced,and there were only a few foam cells visible,with a reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration,thickening of the smooth muscle and elastic fibers in the media layer was not obvious,the collagen content was abundant and distributed regularly,the interstitial spaces between collagen were reduced,and the area of the oil-red-stained region was significantly reduced.Conclusion Pulsatilla saponin B4 had therapeutic effect on atherosclerosis of ApoE-/-mice induced by high fat diet and its mechanism was related to reducing paper infiltration and inflammatory response.
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