首页|观赏植物叶斑的研究进展

观赏植物叶斑的研究进展

扫码查看
斑叶植物种类丰富,其叶片上色彩各异的斑纹具有特殊的观赏性,不仅是植物重要的观赏性状,还有着一定的生物学和生态学意义,具有帮助繁衍、抵御天敌和适应环境变化等作用.本文综述了近年来观赏植物叶斑分类和形成的相关进展,根据叶片中不同的色素积累和结构区别,在微观结构上对叶斑类型进行划分并总结了叶斑形成的分子机制.现有研究表明,叶片发育过程中色素合成和代谢有关的结构基因和转录因子CHLH、DFR、CRD1等的改变、细胞器发育的受损、细胞发育和分化基因ZAT10、VAR3等的突变会通过影响色素的差异积累、改变叶片结构直接或间接的参与叶斑的形成.虽然目前已有较多对于观赏植物叶斑形成机制的研究,但观赏植物叶斑的遗传机制尚不清晰,叶斑部分的差异基因表达的原因、叶斑图案的空间分布机制等仍有待进一步研究.未来可以通过对斑叶植物中模式植物的筛选,构建泛基因组,与基因组学、蛋白组学、代谢组学等多组学技术结合,研究叶斑的起源、斑叶植物对于环境的适应等问题,探索植物的重要性状与环境适应的进化机制.
Research Progress of Leaf Variegation in Ornamental Plants
The diverse array of variegated leaf plant species is characterized by a rich tapestry of chromatic patterns adorning their foliage.These distinctive markings not only confer aesthetic significance as a pivotal ornamental trait in plants,but also bear ecological and biological relevance such as facilitating reproductive processes,acting as a deterrent against natural adversaries,and adaptability to environmental fluctuations.This article provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in the classification and formation of leaf variegation in ornamental plants.Based on distinctions in pigment accumulation and structural characteristics within leaf tissues,the microstructural categorization of variegation types is outlined,and the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf variegation formation are summarized.Alterations in structural genes and transcription factors that associate with pigment synthesis and metabolism,such as CHLH,DFR,CRD1,during leaf development,as well as mutations in genes that are related to organelle development and cell differentiation,including ZAT10 and VAR3,can directly or indirectly participate in leaf variegation formation by influencing differential pigment accumulation and altering leaf structure.While there have been numerous studies on the formation mechanisms of leaf variegation in ornamental plants,the genetic mechanisms underlying leaf variegation remain unclear.The reasons for differential gene expression in variegated leaf regions and the spatial distribution mechanisms of leaf variegation patterns are still areas requiring further investigation.Future research can involve the selection of model plants from variegated leaf species,building the pan-genome,integrating with multi-omics technologies such as pan-genomics,proteomics,and metabolomics.This approach might enable exploring the origin of leaf variegation,uncovering the adaptive responses of variegated leaf plants to their environments,and deciphering the evolutionary mechanisms underlying important plant traits and environmental adaptation.

leaf variegation formationornamental plantsmolecular mechanismleaf variegation classification

冉浩然、张毓、陈简村、于超、张启翔、罗乐

展开 >

北京林业大学园林学院/城乡生态环境北京实验室/花卉种质创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室/教育部园林环境工程研究中心/林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室/国家花卉工程技术研究中心/林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京 100083

国家植物园,北京 100093

叶斑形成 观赏植物 分子机制 叶斑分型

中央高校基本科研业务费专项国家重点研发计划北京市高等学校高精尖学科建设项目

QNTD2023062022YFF1301704

2024

植物遗传资源学报
中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 中国农学会

植物遗传资源学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.415
ISSN:1672-1810
年,卷(期):2024.25(5)