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四川省大豆种质资源收集与鉴定评价

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在"第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动"项目中，调查和收集了四川省大豆地方种质资源，鉴定了 192份大豆种质资源的形态特征和主要农艺性状。收集的大豆种质资源来自四川省16个市(州)的41个县(区)，集中分布在雅安市、乐山市、广元市、巴中市和泸州市。结果表明，大豆种质资源12个表型性状的变异系数范围在10。11％～57。62％之间，单株粒数的变异系数最大，叶绿素相对含量SPAD值的变异系数最小。相关分析结果表明，株高、茎粗、分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数之间呈极显著正相关，百粒重与分枝数和单株荚数均呈极显著负相关。主成分分析提取到3个主成分，累计贡献率达76。29％，能够反映大豆种质资源表型性状的大部分信息。聚类分析将192份大豆种质资源划分为4个类群，分别具有高百粒重、多荚、高SPAD值和叶柄长等不同的特征，筛选出7份优异大豆种质资源。此外，四川省大豆种质资源籽粒颜色和籽粒类型丰富。本研究揭示了四川省大豆种质资源表型的遗传多样性，为高产大豆的亲本选择以及专用、特用大豆种质资源筛选提供理论依据。
Collection,Identification and Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm Resources in Sichuan Province
Based on"the Third National Campaign of Crop Germplasm Census and Collection",soybean germplasm resources were collected from different cities in Sichuan province.192 soybean germplasm resources were identified the morphological features and major agronomic traits in the field.These soybean germplasm resources were collected from sixteen cities and forty-one counties,with enrichments at five cities including Ya'an,Leshan,Guangyuan,Bazhong and Luzhou.This study indicated that the coefficient of variation for 12 morphological.traits ranged from 10.11％to 57.62％,with the highest coefficient of variation for seed number per plant and the lowest coefficient of variation for SPAD value.The results of correlation analysis showed that there was extremely significant positive correlation among plant height,stem diameter,branch number,pod number per plant and seed number per plant,while 100-seed weight was negatively correlated with branch number and pod number per plant.The results suggested that three principal components that showed a cumulative contribution rate of 76.29％,reflecting most of the morphological features by principal component analysis.192 soybean germplasm resources were divided into four groups by cluster analysis,which had the characteristics of big 100-seed weight,high pod number,high SPAD value and long petiole length,and seven elite soybean germplasm resources were selected.Additionally,soybean germplasm resources showed good genetic diversity in terms of seed color and seed types in Sichuan province.In summary,this study revealed the genetic diversity of soybean germplasm resources in Sichuan province.Ultimately,this study offers a theoretical basis for improving soybean breeding in terms of high yield parental lines and special soybean varieties.

Sichuansoybeangermplasm resourcessurvey and collectionidentification and evaluation

范元芳、王娴淑、杨梅、钟小娟、项超

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四川省农业科学院作物研究所/粮油作物绿色种质创新与遗传改良四川省重点实验室,成都 610066

四川 大豆 种质资源 调查收集 鉴定评价

四川省自然科学基金全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动项目(第三次)四川省农科院"1+9揭榜挂帅"项目四川省财政专项农业种质资源普查项目

2023NSFSC11761118213013540520341+9KJGG0011+3 ZYGG00151000023T000009852064

2024

10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20240125003

植物遗传资源学报
中国农业科学院作物科学研究所　中国农学会

植物遗传资源学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.415
ISSN：1672-1810
年,卷(期)：2024.25(6)
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