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特种稻黑米和红米研究进展

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黑米和红米特种稻是一类由于色素沉积而导致种皮表现出黑(紫)色或红色的特殊稻种资源,其营养物质丰富,除了含有比白米更多的蛋白质、矿物质及膳食纤维外,还富含花青素(原花青素)、黄酮类、萜类等生理活性物质,其营养物质及价值都远超白米,因此受到越来越多稻米消费者的青睐.我国黑米和红米资源丰富,合理利用这些营养丰富的黑米和红米资源,创制优异的黑米和红米新种质并培育出新品种,对于推动特种稻产业发展意义重大.本文分4个阶段概括了黑米和红米的研究历史并介绍了我国黑米和红米资源的分布情况,综述了黑米和红米的品质、产量、抗性及开发利用等方面的研究进展,重点阐述了黑米和红米在品质差异及形成机制上的最新研究进展.最后总结了黑米和红米当前研究的薄弱之处并提出了对黑米和红米未来研究方向的展望,为黑米和红米的新品种培育及进一步开发利用提供参考.
Research Progress on Black and Red Rice of Special Varieties
Black and red rice varieties are special resources that exhibit black(purple)or red seed coat,respectively,due to pigment deposition,which is rich in nutrients,with more protein,minerals and dietary fiber than white rice.They are also rich in physiological activator such as anthocyanins(procyanidins),flavonoids,and terpenes.Their nutrient substance and value are significantly higher than those of white rice varieties.Therefore,they are favored by more and more rice consumers.Our country is rich in black and red rice resources,rational utilization of nutrient-rich black and red rice resources,and creation of elite new germplasm and breeding of new black and/or red rice varieties are of great significance to promote the development of special rice industry.In this study,the research history of black and red rice were summarized in four stages and the resource distribution of black and red rice were introduced;the research progress in quality,yield,resistance,and development and utilization of black and red rice were summarized,especially for the latest research progress on quality specificity and formation mechanism.Finally,the weaknesses of current research on black and red rice were summarized,and prospects for future research directions on black and red rice were proposed,so as to provide a reference for the cultivation of new varieties of black and red rice and the further development and utilization of black and red rice.

black ricered ricequalityyieldresistanceprocessing application

武文豪、何冲冲、王传波、杨小川、方中明

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贵州大学农学院/贵州省粮油作物分子育种重点实验室/贵州省高等学校功能农业重点实验室,贵阳 550025

黑米 红米 品质 产量 抗性 加工应用

国家自然科学基金贵州省优秀青年科技人才项目贵州省科技项目贵州省粮油作物分子育种重点实验室项目贵州省高等学校功能农业重点实验室黔东南州科技支撑项目

32260498黔科合平台人才-YQK2023002黔科合基础-ZK2022Key 008黔科合中引地2023008黔教基2023007黔东南科合支撑202306

2024

10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20231224002

植物遗传资源学报
中国农业科学院作物科学研究所　中国农学会

植物遗传资源学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.415
ISSN：1672-1810
年,卷(期)：2024.25(7)
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