Effects of Accumulated Temperature and Planting Density on Pre-Winter Growth of Wheat
In order to evaluate the effects of accumulated temperature and plant density on morphological indexes of winter wheat before overwintering,four sowing dates(Oct.5th,Oct.10th,Oct.15th,Oct.20th)and three planting densities(1.20×106,2.70× 106 and 4.20×106 plants/ha)randomized block field trials were carried out using'Zhoumai 22'at the Shuangba Experimental Station of Shangqiu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences in 2017-2020.The results showed that,the secondary roots number,main stem leaf age,tiller number per plant,dry matter weight of above ground per plant,plant height,leaf area per plant and tiller number per unit area of winter wheat decreased gradually with the delay of sowing.There were significant differences in main stem leaf age,dry matter weight of above ground and leaf area per plant among treatments.With the increase of plant density,the secondary roots number,main stem leaf age,tiller number per plant,dry matter weight of above ground and leaf area per plant all decreased.The plant height and tiller number per unit area increased gradually with the increase of density.The tiller number per unit area reached significant level,but the plant height did not reach significant level.Plant height,main stem leaf age,dry matter weight of above ground and leaf area per plant had significant effects on sowing date,and the density effects on secondary roots number,tiller number per plant and leaf area index were significant.By accumulated temperature,it was easier to adjust the number of secondary roots,and tiller number per unit area,the main stem leaf age and tillers per plant were next.The tiller number per unit area was adjusted most easily by sowing density,followed by secondary roots number and tiller number per plant,while the main stem leaf age was hardly controlled by sowing density.Based on the winter wheat growth index and accumulated temperature data,the quantitative relationship between accumulated temperature and planting density with growth indexes of winter wheat before overwintering was established.The estimated values of each index fitted well with the measured values,and the estimated model had excellent precision,which can be used to estimate the number of secondary roots,main stem leaf age,tiller number per plant and tiller number per unit area of winter wheat before overwintering.
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