Effects of Nitrogen Dressing Time and Proportion on Wheat Grain Filling and Its Physiological Mechanism
In order to explore the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application time and proportion on wheat seed filling characteristics and physiological mechanism,two strong gluten wheat varieties Taishan 27 and Zhongmai 578 were used as experimental materials in the Beijing experimental base of the Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.Five nitrogen fertilizer application treatments with nitrogen fertilizer application ratio of 100％∶0％(N1),75％∶25％(N2),50％∶50％(N3),25％∶75％(N4)and 0％∶100％(N5)were set at the jointing stage and booting stage,respectively.The results showed that under N3 treatment,the net photosynthetic rates of flag leaves,the amount of chlorophyll,and rates of grain filling of Taishan 27 and Zhongmai 578 reached the maximum values and were significantly higher than those obtained from a single top application of nitrogen fertilizer during jointing and booting stages.The total starch content of grains dropped to the lowest value in N4 treatment.In conclusion,the optimal dressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer at jointing stage and booting stage is 50％∶50％,which is a suitable nitrogen fertilizer operation mode to fullly support the photosynthetic performance,grain filling characteristics,and quality indexes of strong gluten wheat plants.
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