摘要
为了探明黄淮海南部砂姜黑土深松增密后,夏玉米光合特性、根系生长和籽粒产量变化特征,采用大田试验,设置2种耕作方式(常规旋耕和深松耕作)和5个种植密度(4.5万、6.0万、7.5万、9.0万和10.5万株/hm2).结果显示,深松耕作后,穗位层透光率、底层透光率、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度分别提高了 14.8％、10.9％、9.0％、3.7％和12.7％;根系干重、长度和表面积分别增加了 19.6％、15.8％和15.0％;穗数、穗粒数和千粒重分别增加了 1.4％、4.3％和5.4％.深松耕作在9.09万株/hm2下获得最大产量,与常规旋耕相比,最适种植密度提升了 9.7％,平均增产8.4％.因此,在黄淮海南部砂姜黑土上可以通过深松耕作充分挖掘夏玉米的增密增产潜力.
Abstract
In order to investigate the characteristics of changes in photosynthetic characteristics,root growth and grain yield of summer maize after subsoiling and density increasing in lime concretion black soil in the south of Huang-Huai-Hai region,a field experiment was conducted with two tillage methods(conventional rotary tillage and subsoiling tillage)and five planting densities(4.5× 104,6.0× 104,7.5×104,9.0× 104,10.5×104 plants/ha).The results showed that after subsoiling tillage,the light transmittances of ear position layer and bottom layer,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance increased by 14.8％,10.9％,9.0％,3.7％and 12.7％,respectively.The root dry weight,length and surface area increased by 19.6％,15.8％and 15.0％,respectively.The ear number,grain number per ear and 1000-grain weight increased by 1.4％,4.3％and 5.4％,respectively.The maximum yield was obtained under the planting density of 9.09x104 plants/ha,compared with conventional rotary tillage,the optimum planting density increased by 9.7％,and the average yield increased by 8.4％.Therefore,subsoiling tillage can improve the potential of increasing density and yield of summer maize in lime concretion black soil in the south of Huang-Huai-Hai.
基金项目
河南省玉米产业技术体系建设项目驻马店综合试验站建设项目(Z2021-02-04)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据