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有机肥与土壤调理剂对连作甘薯生长发育及土壤肥力的影响

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为明确生物有机肥与土壤调理剂对连作甘薯生长发育及土壤肥力的影响,2020-2023年通过田间定位试验,设置对照不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(SF)、单施生物有机肥(SBF)、50％化肥配施50％生物有机肥(FBF)、100％化肥配施土壤调理剂(FC)5个处理,研究不同施肥条件下甘薯光合特性、抗逆性能力、产量以及土壤养分、酶活性的变化规律.结果表明,不同施肥处理甘薯叶片相对叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、光合速率、抗逆性能力、鲜薯及薯干产量、土壤养分含量和酶活性均优于CK处理.不同施肥处理对比中,FBF处理能够提高叶片SPAD值、光合速率、蒸腾速率以及超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性;FC处理能够提高叶片气孔导度以及过氧化氢酶活性.随着施肥时间延长,2023年不同处理鲜薯、薯干产量表现为FBF＞FC＞SBF＞SF＞CK,其中,FBF处理与FC处理无显著性差异.相关性分析表明,鲜薯产量及叶片光合特性与土壤酶活性变化具有紧密相关的联系.由此可知,连续多年施用生物有机肥与土壤调理剂均可提升甘薯光合作用与抗逆性能力,改善土壤质量,提高鲜薯和薯干产量.
Effects of Organic Fertilizer and Soil Conditioner on the Growth and Development of Continuous Cropping Sweet Potato and Soil Fertility
In order to determine the effects of bio-organic fertilizer and soil conditioner on the growth and development of continuous cropping sweet potato and soil fertility,field positioning experiments were conducted from 2020 to 2023.Five treatments were set up:control without fertilization(CK),single application of chemical fertilizer(SF),single application of bio-organic fertilizer(SBF),50％chemical fertilizer with 50％bio-organic fertilizer(FBF),and 100％chemical fertilizer with soil conditioner(FC).The changes of photosynthetic characteristics,stress resistance,yield,soil nutrients and enzyme activities of sweet potato under different fertilization measures were studied.The results showed that leaf SPAD values,photosynthesis rate and stress resistance,yield of fresh and dried sweet potato,and soil nutrient contents and enzyme activities under different fertilization measures were superior to those under CK treatment.In different fertilization treatments,the FBF treatment could improve leaf SPAD value,photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,as well as superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities.The FC treatment could improve leaf stomatal conductance and catalase activity.With the extension of fertilization time,the yield of fresh and dried sweet potato under different treatments in 2023 showed as follows,FBF＞FC＞SBF＞SF＞CK.Among them,there was no significant difference between FBF and FC treatments.The correlation analysis showed that there was a good correlation between fresh sweet potato yield,leaf photosynthetic characteristics and soil enzyme activities.It was concluded that the continuous application of bio-organic fertilizers and soil conditioners for consecutive years could enhance the photosynthesis and stress resistance ability of sweet potato,improved soil quality,and increased the yields of fresh and dried sweet potato.

Organic fertilizerSoil conditionerSweet potatoGrowth and developmentSoil fertility

刘亚军、逯昀、王文静、胡启国、储凤丽、李志杰

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商丘市农林科学院,476000,河南商丘

商丘职业技术学院,476000,河南商丘

柘城县农业农村局,476200,河南柘城

有机肥 土壤调理剂 甘薯 生长发育 土壤肥力

现代农业产业技术体系建设项目国家甘薯产业技术体系建设项目河南省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目

CARS-10Z20231811128

2024

10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.03.022

作物杂志
中国作物学会 中国农科院作物科学研究所

作物杂志

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.821
ISSN：1001-7283
年,卷(期)：2024.(3)
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