Effects of Foliar Spraying Calcium Fertilizer on Lodging Resistance and Yield Formation of Spring Maize
This study employed a pot experiment to investigate the mechanism governing the lodging resistance of maize stalk and yield creation by adding calcium fertilizer on leaf surface.The test material was maize variety Xianyu 335,and five calcium concentration were established,namely 0(LCK),3(LC1),6(LC2),9(LC3)and 12 g/L(LC4),respectively.Foliar spraying was applied at maize jointing stage.The results showed that compared with LCK,LC2 treatment could significantly reduce the ear height and center of gravity height of maize,and spraying appropriate amount of calcium fertilizer(LC2 and LC3)at jointing stage significantly increased the breaking strength and puncture strength of stem base.Foliar calcium application could promote the development of crusty tissue and vascular bundle,and significantly increase the contents of soluble sugar,cellulose and hemicellulose in the 3rd internode stem of maize,which reached the maximum under LC3 treatment.Foliar application of calcium fertilizer at LC2-LC4 levels could also significantly increase maize grain yield,in which the maximum number of rows per ear of LC2 was 16.35,and the maximum 100-grain weight of LC3 treatment was 31.36 g.According to the comprehensive performance of lodging resistance indexes,chemical composition of stems and grain yield composition of maize,the optimal range of calcium fertilizer concentration of maize leaves was 6-9 g/L,which could effectively shorten the internode length of the base,reduce the ear height,lower the gravity height of the center of maize,optimize the contents of nitrogen and potassium in stems and fiber structure,and promote the development of vascular bundle and effectively increase the internode density and fullness,which could enhance the mechanical strength,additionally,it could promote ear development,increase the number of rows per ear,100-grain weight,and yield.
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