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不同品种燕麦的营养成分分析

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对来自国内外的30份燕麦品种的基础营养成分、氨基酸以及各矿质元素进行测定及研究,结合灰色关联度分析方法综合评价了其营养组成.结果显示,不同品种成分差异显著,说明燕麦具有丰富的遗传多样性.其中,粗蛋白含量最高的是定莜1号(23.76％),粗淀粉含量最高的是坝莜6号(73.16％),粗脂肪含量最高的是白燕8号(10.03％).功能性营养指标中,总黄酮含量范围为420.08(晋燕9号)～3395.12 mg/kg(坝莜9号);总酚含量范围为1516.02(坝莜5号)～5463.71 mg/kg(ITAO-63);植酸含量变化范围为8.74(Shadow)～25.91 mg/kg(科燕1号).30份材料的谷氨酸、亮氨酸、天冬氨酸和精氨酸含量较高,而胱氨酸和蛋氨酸的含量较低.总氨基酸(TAA)含量最高的是ITAO-63,达16.29％;最低的是坝莜1号,仅为11.57％.其中来自意大利的材料必需氨基酸(EAA)总体较高,最高的为ITAO-27(3.94％).燕麦不同资源的矿质元素存在丰富的遗传多样性,其中大量元素含量顺序为钾＞镁＞钙＞钠,微量元素顺序为锰＞锌＞铁＞铜＞镍＞硒.最后通过等权关联度和加权关联度分析,发现30个燕麦品种的综合营养品质居前3位的分别为坝莜8号、ITAO-63和白燕6号,可作为优质燕麦品种选育的骨干材料或功能性食品开发利用的专用品种.
Nutritional Composition Analysis of Different Oats Varieties
Thirty domestic and international oat cultivars were analyzed for their essential nutrients,amino acids,and mineral contents.The technique of grey correlation degree analysis was used to thoroughly assess their nutritional composition.The findings demonstrated that compositions of some cultivars differed significantly,indicating that oats possessed a high degree of genetic variation.The highest crude protein content was found in Dingyou 1(23.76％),the highest crude starch content was found in Bayou 6(73.16％),and the highest crude fat content was found in Baiyan 8(10.03％).Among the functional nutrition indexes,the contents of total flavonoids ranged from 420.08(Jinyan 9)to 3395.12mg/kg(Bayou 9).Total phenol content ranged from 1516.02(Bayou 5)to 5463.71 mg/kg(ITAO-63).Phytic acid content ranged from 8.74(Shadow)to 25.91 mg/kg(Keyan 1).Compared with other amino acids,the contents of Glu,Leu,Asp,Arg were higher,while the contents of Cys and Met were lower.The highest content of total amino acid was ITAO-63(16.29％),the lowest was Bayou 1(11.57％).Among them,the essential amino acid of the materials from Italy was generally higher,and the content of ITAO-27(3.94％)was the highest.The mineral elements of different resources of oats had particularly rich genetic diversity.The order of major elements content was K＞Mg＞Ca＞Na,while the order of trace elements was Mn＞Zn＞Fe＞Cu＞Ni＞Se.Ultimately,the equal-weight correlation degree and weighted correlation degree research revealed that Bayou 8,ITAO-63,and Baiyan 6 were the top three comprehensive nutritional attributes among 30 oat types.These cultivars can serve as the foundation for superior oat variety breeding or as specialty cultivars for the creation and application of beneficial foods.

OatNutrient compositionAmino acidMineral elementsGrey correlation analysis

范昱、冯亮、王俊珍、杨乔惠、任远航、张凯旋、邹亮、周美亮、向达兵

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成都大学食品与生物工程学院/农业农村部杂粮加工重点实验室/四川省杂粮产业化工程技术研究中心,610106,四川成都

中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,100081,北京

成都市食品药品检测研究院/国家市场监管重点实验室(营养与健康化学计量及应用),610106,四川成都

凉山彝族自治州农业科学研究院,615000,四川西昌

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燕麦 营养成分 氨基酸 矿质元素 灰色关联分析

成都大学人才引进项目四川省辐照保藏技术重点实验室开放项目成都市农业科技英才培育项目高水平创新团队横向技术开发(委托)项目四川省科技厅计划国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系

2081923007FZBC206704ZY23H24232023NSFSC0214CARS-07-B-1

2024

10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.04.009

作物杂志
中国作物学会 中国农科院作物科学研究所

作物杂志

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.821
ISSN：1001-7283
年,卷(期)：2024.(4)