Effects of Sowing Date on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Common Buckwheat Varieties(Lines)
In order to select the best buckwheat varieties(lines)for cultivation in western Jilin province and their optimal sowing dates,genetic diversity analysis were conducted using 14 agronomic traits and yields of 34 common buckwheat varieties(lines)on three sowing dates(22 May,12 June and 3 July).The results showed that the sowing date had a significant impact on 14 agronomic traits of common buckwheat varieties(lines).The average of growth days with the delay in sowing shortened;four plant type traits,six grain shape traits and three yield traits showed the trend of first increasing and then decreasing,first decreasing and then increasing,and gradually increasing with the delay of sowing date.The heritability of each trait showed that the heritability of grain shape traits such as area of grain,girth of grain,length to width ratio,grain length,grain width,circularity and 1000-grain weight were 0.901-0.992 on the three sowing dates,which were all greater than the other traits.In the correlation analysis,the absolute values of the correlation coefficients between area of grain and girth of grain,length to width ratio and circularity,and number of seeds per plant and seed weight per plant were greater than 0.950 on the three sowing dates.The results also showed that the common buckwheat varieties suitable for early sowing are He OK,He T and Ka 1;the common buckwheat variety suitable for medium-term sowing is He T;and the common buckwheat variety suitable for late sowing is D2.In summary,the selection of suitable sowing periods in western Jilin province combined with the planting of qualitatively appropriate varieties can increase the yield of common buckwheat.
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