Effects of Straw Returning Methods on Soil Water and Heat and Seedling Growth and Yield of Spring Maize in Eastern Region of Inner Mongolia
Aiming at issues like the fact that maize is prone to cold damage at the seedling stage and that it can not be sown on time because of recurrent low temperatures and droughts in the warm,dry farming area in spring,five strategies for returning residue to the field were established:conventional plowing(CP),deep plowing(MB+R),subsoiling stirring(CS+R),no-tillage(NT+R),and strip tillage(ST+R).The effects of straw returning methods on soil temperature and humidity,emergence rate,emergence uniformity,plant height,leaf area index and yield of spring maize from sowing to emergence were analyzed.The results showed that compared with CP,NT+R treatment increased the soil moisture by 1.5％,increased the water storage before sowing by 8.9 mm,and sowed on time with sufficient moisture;while at the seedling stage,the lowest soil temperature was increased by 1.0 ℃,the diurnal temperature difference was reduced by 1.3 ℃,and the average temperature decreased by 0.8 ℃.Seedling emergence rate was no significant difference with CP treatment,the average yield was 9.43 t/ha,and the yield increased by 5.8％.As a result,NT+R treatment had an exceptional capacity to retain heat and soil moisture,making it an ideal method for straw returning for moisture maintaining and seedling growth in the warm and cool dry-farming areas.
Spring maizeStraw returningSoil water and heatSeedling growth
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