Effects of Population Density and Fulvic Acid on Yield and Nutritional Quality of Kidney Bean
Synchronizing seed yield and quality through fine field management and nutritional control is an effective way to improve the comprehensive benefits of kidney bean cultivation.In this study,a two-factor split-zone experimental design was used to set up three population densities[2.0×105 plants(D1),2.3x 105 plants(D2),and 2.6x105 plants/ha(D3)]and five concentrations of fulvic acid sprayed at the flowering stage[0(C0),0.37(C1),0.45(C2),1.12(C3)and 1.50 kg/ha(C4)]for a total of 15 treatments.The results showed that:in the year with poor growing conditions and low yield level(2021),the differences in yield per plant were small,and the seed yield increased with planting density;in the full-grown and productive condition(2022),the average number of pods and grains per plant under the thinning treatment increased by 4.5 and 21.1 grains,respectively,compared with the conventional density,which resulted in an increase in the average yield by 27.6％.Unfavorable growth conditions resulted in enhanced seed protein synthesis,reduced flavonoid and saponin content,but increased total phenolic content.Foliar spraying of fulvic acid increased grain filling vigor and contributed to yield formation in kidney bean under unfavorable growth conditions,whereas it had no yield-enhancing effect under favorable growth conditions,but promoted the synthesis of efficacy components in the grains,especially in the C4 treatment,where the mean flavonoids and saponins contents in 2022 were increased by 11.1％and 16.3％,respectively,compared with the control.In a comprehensive analysis,using a population of 2.0×105 plants/ha under the production conditions of the experimental area,while spraying 0.45 kg/ha of fulvic acid at the flowering stage of kidney beans,can stabilize the quality of kidney bean and increase the seed yield at the same time.
万方数据
维普
