Effects of Soil Amendments on Soil Characteristics and Rice Growth in Cold Waterlogged Paddy Field
The characteristics of cold waterlogged paddy field were poor soil ventilation and permeability,strong soil reducibility,and lack of effective nutrients.This study focuses on the typical cold waterlogged paddy fields in Hubei province,exploring the effects of different fertilizer application rates combined with soil amendments on soil characteristics,rice roots,and yield.The results showed that compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer(CK)treatment,the application of soil amendments(T1 treatment)increased yield by 16.76％by increasing the number of effective panicles and seed-setting rate,significantly promoted the growth and development of rice roots,with 14.0％increase in total root length,27.1％increase in fresh root weight,28.5％increase in dry root weight,and 21.5％increase in root volume.And it effectively reduced the reducibility of cold waterlogged paddy fields,enhanced soil oxidation characteristics,increased the redox potential by 16.3％,reduced the total amount of soil reducing substances by 1.86 cmol/kg,and reduced active reducing substances by 2.19 cmol/kg.Increase the content of soil available nutrients,with alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium increasing 11.0％,28.5％and 39.2％,respectively.After reducing fertilizer by 20％and applying soil amendments(T2 treatment),the yield decreased by 4.98％,but the reduction did not reach significant level.The total root length increased by 5.0％,fresh root weight increased by 9.3％,the dry root weight increased by 18.6％,and root volume increased by 8.3％.The total amount of soil reducing substances was decreased by 1.95 cmol/kg,the active reducing substances were decreased by 2.24 cmol/kg,the redox potential was increased by 13.9％,and reduced soil reducing ability.In summary,the application of soil amendments can significantly increase yield,because it reduce the reducibility of cold waterlogged paddy fields,improve soil oxidation characteristics,improve root growth and development,increase effective nutrient supply in the soil.
RiceSoil amendmentsCold waterlogged paddy fieldRedox potentialSoil physical and chemical propertiesYield
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