On the Question of Cultural Generation and Ontological Logic
Integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China's fine traditional culture is not only motivated by the inheritance and development of Marxist cultural theory,but the project also reveals new requirements and new ideas for current cultural research.This calls for cultural workers to clarify basic issues about the generation of culture,the essence of culture,the development of culture,and the effect of culture from a deeper academic basis to serve the needs of current cultural development and prosperity.As one of the basic issues in cultural research,cultural generation and ontological logic are important to consider not only for cultural theory but also for cultural practice,and clarifying them is of great significance to the current cultural construction in China.The study of cultural generation and ontological logic needs to be guided by Marxism and based on the literature of classical Marxist writers.Meanwhile,it is also necessary to critically absorb relevant and beneficial ideas from contemporary Western thinkers.In their works,Marx and Engels offer a wealth of profound ideas on issues about the generation of culture,the essence of culture,the meaning of culture,and the development of culture,which altogether formed a systematic theory of culture.However,due to various objective reasons,their cultural theories suffer from attaching too much importance on content while downplaying form,as Engels also recognized.Contemporary Western philosophers,especially cultural anthropologists,have actively discussed the generation and ontological logic of culture.Clifford Geertz once said that culture is the map of human cognition and emotion and the matrix of collective conscience,and he believed that culture not only establishes a unified social order for specific ethnic groups,but also shapes their common spiritual temperament.Oswald Spengler emphasized that culture is the centralized expression of the human soul,and because he believed that different ethnic groups have different cultural forms,he thought it is difficult for them to communicate with each other as they survive and develop in organic forms.Because these thinkers all have more or less problems in standpoints or methods,their relevant theories must be critically assimilated and creatively developed under the guidance of Marxism.In the view of Marxism,culture is the product of the development of labor and social practice,and it represents a world schema formed by people in their understanding of the world and themselves,marked with the characteristics of the unity of cognition and value.The cultural world is not only different from the objective world,but also not completely equal to the subjective world.It is the result of cultural processing and transformation carried out by people in the process of understanding and reflecting the objective world and the subjective world.Once culture is formed,it has a relatively independent nature with its own characteristics.The culture of a specific nation or society often presents the characteristics of an organism.A cultural organism is not immutable,nor is it a process of natural rise and fall,but a process of continuous transformation and reconstruction in social development.To deeply understand and grasp cultural generation and ontological logic,it is necessary to deal dialectically with the relationship between culture in the sense of cultural anthropology and culture in the sense of social development,and then to combine the two with a scientific spirit.This is reflected in the current cultural construction of China,which is to correctly treat the relationship between Marxism and China's excellent traditional culture,to take the spirit of"integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China's fine traditional culture"as the guide,and then to actively build a new organic and unified cultural organism of the Chinese nation on the basis of respecting the logic of cultural ontology.
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