摘要
自16世纪末,藏传佛教主要通过格鲁派传入至蒙古,并流传至今.这也导致现存大部分蒙古文历史文献带有强烈的黄教色彩.因这些经典与史料多为格鲁派在蒙古占主导地位后写成,对其他教派的历史记载甚是罕见.然而,据我们现有的知识,在格鲁派传入蒙古前后,藏传佛教其他教派亦曾在蒙古传播.本文通过梳理1607至1738年间由藏文译成蒙古文的宁玛派伏藏文献,探究历史、仪轨与注疏三类非经典文本,试图勾勒出藏传佛教于蒙古传播的大图景.
Abstract
Since the late sixteenth century,Tibetan Buddhism has been widely accepted in Mongolia through the spread of the Gelugpa School,which continues to the present day.Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia undoubtedly has a strong Gelugpa presence,the relevant historical classics and literature are mostly written after the Gelugpa school began to dominate Mongolia,and the historical records of other schools are very rare.However,there is no doubt that before and after the Gelugpa School was introduced to Mongolia,other schools also spread in Mongolia.In this article,I will survey the literature of the Nyingma School that was translated from Tibetan to Mongolian from 1607 to 1738,and explore three types of non-canonical texts dealing history,ritual and commentary,and thus provide an outline of an enhanced picture of the spread of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia.
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