Genetic Diversity Analysis of Gastrodia elata Germplasm Resources Based on Phenotypic Traits and SSR Markers
Objective:To study the genetic diversity of Gastrodia elata,to analyze the differences between the germplasm resources of hybrid and self-crossing.Methods:The 26 kinds of Gastrodia elata germplasm resources were used as materials.Based on the morpho-logical markers,the phenotypic characters of each resource,including plant height,capsule number,inflorescence length,capsule length,capsule width,tuber length,tuber width,single weight and active components contents were analyzed by variance,correlation and clus-ter.Genetic diversity was studied with SSR molecular markers,and SSR fingerprints were constructed.Results:In the phenotypic traits of Gastrodia elata,different traits had different ranges of variation.The traits with larger variation ranges were capsule weight,single weight,tuber length,fresh product yield,dry product yield,gastrodin and hydroxybenzyl alcohol contents.The traits with smaller varia-tion ranges were capsule width,stem thickness,umbilical diameter,number of transverse rings and drying rate.The correlation analysis results showed that the correlation among some characters was significant.The clustering results of phenotypic characters showed that the Gastrodia elata resources were divided into two groups when the threshold value was 11.32.Three pairs of the specific SSR primers were screened from the seven pairs of the primers,whose fingerprint was obtained by PCR amplification.The UPGMA clustering distinguished obviously the inbred lines and the hybrid lines of Gastrodia elata,whose most of the results consistented with phenotypic clustering.Con-clusion:The combination of morphological markers and SSR markers can effectively distinguish the hybrid combinations and self-cross-ing combinations of Gastrodia elata.
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